tions of mechanical and mathematical instruments, breeze-a flag made out of the colors of all as well as all the works of art and nature which nations, as can be procured; and if the Saints display zeal in union of mankind in faith and love." When a symbol of the future perfect this matter, we shall soon possess the best, most this symbol of fraternization of all nations flutuseful, and attractive museum on earth. ters above the Holy Temple, the prophecy of the world and dwellers on the earth, see ye when Isaiah will be fulfilled: "All the inhabitants of he lifteth up an engign on the mountains, and when he bloweth a trumpet, hear ye. And it shall come to pass in the last days that the mountain of the Lord's house shall be established on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills: and all nations shall flow unto it."

In the year 1851, the liberality of Congress provided Dr. Bernhisel, the delegate from Utah, with the means to select a good library for the new colony. This has formed the nucleus, and there is no doubt that a very large amount of books will be speedily collected, for the Saints will gladly obey the proclamation.

On an open space in the centre of the city a temple will be erected, larger and more magnificent than any ever yet built, and only inferior to the one the people of God will erect a the latter days, when the Lord has led it back to the promised land of Missouri. A plank-road, four miles in length, has already been made to the stone quarries at Red Butte, to procure a fine red sandstone as the materials for this immense building, and the missionaries in Europe, Asia, and Polynesia, are collecting, by Brigham Young's orders, rare trees, flowers, and seeds for the garden which is to surround the temple. To the north of the temple-site rises above the city the "Hill of the Banner," visible for a very long distance, On this hill will be speedly unfurled" the most splended flag that ever fluttered in the

But leaving this fanciful futurity out of the question, we find in the present a circumstance which may serve as a very pleasant conclusion to the history of this extraordinary sect. In 1852, the heads of the community sent messengers through all the branch colonies in the mountains to discover how many of the Saints might be disposed to enter a poor house they propos ed to establish. Out of more than thirty thous and persons, the greater part of whom had only lately joined the colony in a state of extreme poverty, only two preferred a claim for relief, and so the Presidency only found it necessary to reserve forty acres to guard against any future change.

Primitive Piety Reviewed; or the Aggressive
Power of the Christian Church. A Premium
Essay. By reverend Henry C. Fish, Newark,
N. J.

A circumstance of a somewhat extraordinary, character occurred a short time since in one of the flourishing towns of the midland counties. A clergyman died, and his wife and daughters on the third day after his decease, recollecting that no likeness remained of the once cherished that Christian piety is diminishing, and to chalk [An American 'prize essay, written to show son and brother, it was agreed, ere the grave

closed o'er him, that the body should be unshroud- out a plan for increasing it. The proofs of deed and a portrait taken. A young lady of some creasing piety are mostly of a general kind, such professional celebrity was engaged for the task. as readily present themselves, especially to a She, with the assistance of the attendant, took off man who at once strikes off the Romanists and the shroud and placed the body in the requisite reduces the seventy millions of Protestants to Greeks from the christian sum total, and further posture; but, other duties requiring the artist's at-about twelve millions who make any intelligent tention, the sketch was deferred till noon. About

twelve o'clock, at the foot of the bed, the lady profession of piety." The statistics of the subcommenced and went through an hour's work on ject, as collected by the author, are not without this image of death. At this stage of the pro-and religion in America; though we suspect a curious interest, so far as they relate to morals ceedings, by some unaccountable motion, the head of the deathlike figure fell on one side. they should be taken with some qualifications. Nothing daunted, the artist carefully took the Mr. Fish represents "the subjects of the Man head to replace it, when lo! the eyes opened, and of Sin'"as increasing in America, and Protesstaring her full in the face," the dead" inquired general opinion. The book is published by the tants as decreasing; which is contrary to the "Who are you ? The young" professional," without trepidation, took the bandage from the Congregational Board of Publication," Boston.] head and rubbed his neck. He immediately saw Spectator. the shroud, and laughed immoderately. The artist quietly called the family-their joy may AERIAL VOYAGE. The New Orleans papers be imagined but cannot be described. That have an account of the most successful aerial evening, he who had lain three days in his shroud, voyage ever performed by a balloon, with five bemoaned by mother and sisters with agonizing persons in it, including some members of the tears, gladdened their hearts by taking his accus- press. The balloon started on the evening of tomed place at their tea-table, and at this mo- the 30th April, and went 310 miles in six hours, ment is making an excursion in North Wales.- landed its passengers at Fort-Gibson, and then Bedford Times. took a fresh start on another voyage.

From the Economist, 7 July.
LORD RAGLAND.

Cæsar, a Napoleon, goes on not in cities but in camps; not in peaceful organization of THE pomp, the circumstance, the triumph, military establishments, but in active particiand the honor of war, are likely to become as pation in a soldier's sternest duties. It was familiar to this generation of Englishmen as not from the Horseguards, but from the burnthey were to the last. Once more, after an in- ing plains of India, and from before the batterval of forty years, we have seen the Sover-tered walls of Seringapatam, that we took eign calling upon her Parliament to support Wellington; and he who is to attain the fame her in war; we have seen the Parliament and of a great military commander, must have had the people respond cheerfully to the call; we not only the will but the opportunity to serve have heard the Park guns fired in commem- the apprenticeship, which the greatest of those oration of new victories over an European have not dispensed with. But if we conclude enemy; we have seen both Lords and Com- that into the narrow circle of great commons returning thanks to a conquering army; manders Lord Raglan does not enter, let it and now in the last week the cycle of war as- not be supposed that, in refusing to mispraise sociations has been completed, and the House him, we would refuse a large share in that of Commons has been called upon to perform its sad and long unwonted office, of making the provision due from a grateful nation to the family of a brave General who had died in the service of his country.

grateful homage with all England is paying to his honored memory.

He was not a great General, but never in any one person were the true qualities of a great soldier more nobly combined. From the At such a time it is most natural that men time when, being appointed to his high office, should delight to utter the praises of one who he undertook it not with the eagerness of resthas so died. But Lord Raglan deserves some less ambition, but with the reluctance of subbetter language than that of mere thoughtless missive duty, who has not admired his calmpanegyric, and it is by endeavoring to sepa- ness, his silence, his forbearance, his gentlerate the wheat from the chaff in the eulogies ness, his courage? What Englishman has not that are heaped upon him, that his own repu- recognized in Lord Raglan those qualities tation will be most reverently served, and his which we most love to regard as attributes of example made profitable to his countrymen. our race? What soldier has not beheld in The sacredness of the grave does indeed de- Lord Raglan an epitome of the traditional mand an absolute silence on all matters of and cherished virtues of the British army? party controversy; it is not in celebrating as it What educated man has not admired Lord were the funeral obsequies of a faithful servant Raglan as a genuine specimen of that noble of the State, that any but the most determined concrete-so easy to misrepresent, so difficult partisan will venture to throw the apple of to comprehend-combining as its essential discord. Neither would we be unmindful of conditions the most sterling character and the the wisdom contained in the kindly maxim De highest, most diligent culture-the English mortuis; but that proverb, like many others, gentleman? Many criticized him while livcontains a mean truth, capable of being ne-ing; and, inasmuch as he was a public servant glected or exaggerated into opposite errors: in a most important situation, such criticism it commands a strict silence as to all littlenesses was neither unreasonable nor on the whole -all petty weaknesses-which should die to- unjust. But now that he is gone, we shall all gether with the mortal part of man; but it does not mean that in speaking what is good of the dead, we should dare to speak what is false. Let us not then in the first hours of sympathy claim for him whom we all honor, titles which posterity will not confirm. Let us not scruple to say, what we all feel, that it is for his moral for more than for his military qualities, that Lord Raglan deserves our admiration and gratitude.

do well to look closely upon those virtues which most distinguished him, and which in the present critical times are most necessary for us.

If any are inclined to shrink from bearing their portion of the common burdens, let them think of Lord Raglan, going out in his old age to certain responsibility of the weightiest kind, to certain suffering, to probable, and, as it has been shown, to certain death. If we are disposed It was indeed truly observed by some of to be too much affected by various tidingsthose took a leading part in Tuesday evening's sometimes unduly elated, sometimes unduly debate, that in his long military career Lord despondent-let us stand reproved before the Raglan had been singularly debarred from op- memory of him who was never betrayed into portunities of exercising high command in the intemperate exultation, who in the gloomiest field. It isidle to look for effects without causes. hours of that gloomy winter never despaired. Neither nor history common sense justify And if anxiety has led us into acrimony, and us in expecting that years of valuable service we have been tempted to waste time and in an office will fit a man for brilliant service strength in mental recriminations, once more in the field. The education of a Hannibal, a let us recall Lord Raglan, who being criticized

sometimes harshly, sometimes unfairly, main- considered their duty. This is indeed the very tained a silence which it is no exaggeration to grandeur of courage and meekness: may Engcall sublime; no word fell from him about a land never want men who can thus be silent "ribald press;" only in his private letters we and can thus speak; may Englishmen never are told that he expressed his conviction that fail to cherish their memory.

those who censured him were doing what they

From The Economist, 7 July. THE THING PURCHASED AND THE PRICE PAID.

and still more when either in private letters or in public despatches we read the shocking details of suffering and slaughter of which even the dryness of official statistics and the cold name of "casualties" cannot disguise the extent or the severity,-no wonder that tender minds are aghast at the prolongation of this savage and ineffectual strife, and that even deliberate and calculating politicians feel disposed to reconsider their estimates of the object and its cost.

It is impossible to protect ourselves from a feeling of almost sickening dismay in reading the detailed account of the slaughter which took place in the fruitless assault of the 18th of June. In the course of about fifteen minutes we had lost in killed and wounded 100 officers and upwards of a thousand men. They seemed to have been mowed down like grass. With our thoughts fresh from realizing the Scarcely had the attack commenced, scarcely minute particulars and vivid pictures of the had the forlorn hope of the column which led recent assaults, and with the reflection that begun to traverse the ground which separated the immediate purpose, for which all this terour trenches from the Redan, than it became rible expenditure of precious life has been inobvious to all that the case was a desperate one. curred, is still unattained-nay, apparently, There was not and never had been any prospect not nearer to attainment than on the day we of success. Whether we ought to have known landed at Eupatoria,-it would be impossible this beforehand, or whether it could only be for us to maintain unshaken our fortitude or ascertained by an actual attempt; whether our resolution had we ever shared the sentithe failure and the loss were owing to the un-ments of diplomatists as to the objects for fortunate departure from Lord Raglan's ori- which this war was undertaken, in which we ginal plan of preceding the assault by a few were told must lie its justification, and from hours bombardment, so as to neutralize the re-which we must derive encouragement to perpairs and defences which the Russians might severe. If we had not early and resolutely have prepared during the night, these are denounced the "Vienna Note;" if we had not points which we need not discuss here. It is sufficient to notice that we gained nothing, and lost three of our most valued chief officers, besides putting others hors de combat for a time.

throughout declared that the "Four Points," even if gained and recorded in fitting protocols, would have been a very inadequate justification and a very miserable and scanty recompense for the blood shed in this sanguinary When from this bloody and disastrous affair quarrel; if we had been prepared, as Mr. we look back upon the past year; when we Gladstone was, to make peace upon a promise; remember that it is scarcely nine months since if we had really believed, as he did, that we we landed in the Crimea, and that in that were continuing the war for the simple difbrief period, besides having lost both the ference between two plans, both bad, of inCommanders-in-Chief, a whole host of general terpreting and effecting "a moiety of the officers have been killed, or have returned third point;" or if we had not for at least home invalided, so that we believe of all those eighteen months taken every opening and ocwho first went out Sir Richard England and casion for bringing prominently into view the Sir Colin Campbell alone remain efficient at real interests at stake, the magnitude, the the heads of their divisions; that among reg-value, the far-reaching extent, the deep and imental officers of second rank the mortality intimate solemnity, of the aims and principles has been so unparalleled that subalterns have involved; and if we did not from our hearts become colonels since the expedition sailed; believe that the contest is one, virtually if not that never in so short a time were so many ostensibly, between progress and retrogression, families of all classes thrown into mourning; that what with cholera, dysentery, fatigue, and wounds, at least 15,000 men have fallen, and the dépôts of England have been drained to supply the vacancies thus rapidly created;

between civilization and barbarism, between freedom and despotic rule-between light and hope or darkness and despair-we are free to confess our nerve and stubbornness would long since have given way.

natural and native magnitude and form; you cannot hinder it from showing itself to be, what it is, a struggle between ideas, institutions, and ultimate hopes inherently and eternally antagonistic.

If we really thought in our hearts that we become a war of great principles and sacred were fighting to decide whether the sixteen aims. You may endeavor to confine it to feet of water at the Danube mouth should be one locality, to one weapon, to one purpose; secured by a Russian promise or a "syn- but you cannot hinder it from swelling to its dicate" of which Russia should be a constituent, and therefore a paramount element,whether the wretched Principalities should be crushed and withered under Muscovite tyranny alone, or under a combination (equally fatal to their freedom and their progress) of two contiguous despots and two distant faineans— The position and conduct of Austria, on whether the Euxine fleet of our adversary which we commented last week, speak trumshould be limited (on paper) to twenty ships pet-tongued in favor of the serious and mighty of the line, or to two, with an indefinite num- character of this conflict. They show, as ber of troop-bearing transports,—if these were plainly as can be shown, how powerful and indeed the purposes of our efforts, if these menacing our adversary had become, and how were indeed the price of our blood,-why, absolutely necessary his repression was to the words would be too feeble to describe the future well-being of Europe. Austria, more grief, the mortification, the disgust which we than any properly European nation, is threatshould feel at every gallant life sacrificed, ened by Muscovite aggrandizement; Austria, every noble spirit sent to its account, every more than any other, has reason to dread promising career cut short, in such a petty Muscovite aggression and supremacy, and to controversy and for such a miserable prize. desire Muscovite humiliation and defeat. She We know that human life is the appointed had 350,000 men under arms; she had spent purchase money for human victories over a year and all the resources of her diplomacy wretchedness and wrong, and we should not in securing herself against the coldness or hosgrudge our own lives, nor do we grudge the tility of her German neighbors in any continlives of those dear to us, in a great cause-gency; she held an important and critical such as is that of beating back at once and for strategic position, both in Gallicia and in Molever the Vandal of modern days, of quench- do-Wallachia; and she had the entire power ing in blood at its first symptoms the mad thirst of universal dominion or unprincipled aggression, of crushing and crippling for future mischief those blighting races.

Beneath whose gilded hoofs of pride,
Where'er they trampled, Freedom died.

and the zealous alliance of the two greatest nations of the west to back her and to guarantee her against ultimate disaster. Yet with all this, so mighty, so menacing, so imminent, so close, so irresistible did Russia seem to her, that, after months of preparation, vacillation, and reflection, she dared not draw the sword: -when the invitable moment of decision came, she drew back-the hazard was too great,-and But to know that we had immolated fifteen she prefered to disgust and to irritate France thousand of our countrymen and hundreds of and England rather than draw down upon generous and gentle spirits like Lord Raglan herself the active enmity of their great antag (who might have colonized deserts and found- onist. We do not know that any exposition ed empires if left to a healthy energies of of facts could give a clearer conception of the peaceful enterprise), for the deepening of a degree to which Muscovite influence has alriver, for the wording of a protocol, for the concession of a fancied or a false security, would be a thought too bitter to be added to the simple sorrows of breavement.

ready sapped German spirit and German freedom of the paramount and fatal sway which Russia had succeeded in establishing over the whole of Central Europe.

THE ADVANTAGES OF SINGING.

Happily every day confirms the conviction that the grander view of this contest is also the truer,-whether our statesmen yet see it or not the controversy in which we have en- If you would keep spring in your hearts learn gaged cannot be dwarfed to the narrow di- to sing. There is more merit in melody than mentions of miserable minds. And if "a great smooths his waxed-end with a song, will do as most people are aware of. A cobbler who nation cannot have a little war,"-if actions, by a law of nature, assume the stature and much work in a day as one given to ill-nature and fretting would effect in a week. Songs are character of the actors,-then it is certain that like sunshine: they run to cheerfulness-to fill a war waged between a State which is the in- the bosom with such buoyancy, that, for the time carnation of despotism and a State which is being, you feel filled with June air, or like a meadthe incarnation of liberty, must be and will ow of clover in blossom.-The Reflector.

From the Economist, 21 July.

boundaries of political empire narrowed, ex

PRESENT TENDENCIES AND FUTURE tended, or removed, but society has always sur

PROSPECTS.

vived, and many of the events which appeared most pregnant with destruction, like the first French revolution and its immediate consequences, gave birth to much new life, vigor, and improvement. There can be no apprehension of the ultimate consequences of the excitement, but its temporary consequences may be dangerous and destructive, and against these the leading members of society and the leading classes should be on their guard.

THE excitement of war is by no means confined to soldiers, sailors, and persons connected with the war. It affects the whole community, and affects all its relations. Many of these, by taxes, by impediments to trade, by directing trade into new channels, are positively disturbed by it; while a less sober and more impetuous disposition is becoming conspicuous in the nation. The usual restraints To allay or suppress the excitement is not on inquiry and discussion are less regarded, possible; coercion of any kind would be enand the mind launches out into new theories tirely out of place; and it would be patriotic and uses bolder language. Since this time to guide the excitement wisely, and to modelast year a very great change is perceptible in rate rather than inflame it. Now, it will be the sentiments and words of the people. peculiarly appropriate to remember, we will They have become far less satisfied with the not say how few of "all the ills" of society Government, and suggest or demand reforms are caused "by kings and laws," but how that in the prosperity and quietness of the last few they can cure. The ignorance and misfew years excited no interest. Administra- takes of past generations are embodied in extive reform, however long it may have been isting institutions, and the extent of evil causnecessary, is quite a new topic to engage pub-ed by them we are only now beginning to lic attention, but thereto is superadded de- imagine. Every great improvement in our inmands for currency reform, parliamentary re-stitutions in modern times has consisted in getform, for changes in the Ministry, and a great ting rid of old and bad laws-such as the law variety of other things, which denote a gene- against the Catholics, which for many years ral excitement and general restlessness. exasperated all the evil passions of two classes Whatever may be the effects of this on the of the community, and has still left much of Government, on society it will only tend bene- its poison in the public system; and such as ficially to develop its faculties and power. It the laws restricting trade, including the imis only another of those waves of emotion port of food, which we now know positively which have successively brought society to its to have been for years a heavy curse upon present condition. To whatever extent it the whole people. By getting rid of other may change the Government, reform the Ad- bad laws, similar in character to these, great ministration or the Legislature, and the frame of political society, it will leave all the motives for industry, most of the great sources of wealth, and the natural channels for distributing it, uninjured. Disturbed they will be, but probably to be increased and perfected. We are not inclined to regard the changes which formerly took place, when Assyria gave way to Egypt, Egypt to Greece, Greece to Rome, and Rome to the barbarians, as deviations from the continued progress of population and civilization which may be traced since, and may be inferred before, the beginning of history. They were only temporary interruptions to civilization, followed, as the rule, by the civilization of a ruder and more numerous people than those more anciently civilized who sank to decay. It is at least certain, and in these times of excitement, when quiet, respectable men feel something like dismay or despair for society, it is right they should be reminded that since the destruction of the Roman empire, society has come forth improved LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S RETIREMENT and extended from all the wars and revolutions that have successively devastated it, or

good may be effected; but changes in the form of the Government, and changes in the persons who administer it, will fail to answer the expectations of those who are now very eagerly engaged in bringing them about. Even in past times, institutions, though they were coincident with progress, contributed very little to cause it; and those new institutions, or great changes in old institutions, which numerous persons are now anxious to effect, are not likely to promote future progress. New institutions can scarcely confer more benefit than old, and the exertions to establish them will be productive only of disappointment. Prudence, therefore, requires those who are now engaged in promoting theoretical and constitutional reforms, rather to moderate than to excite the expectations of the people-rather to calm down their excitement than to lash it into violence.

From The Spectator, 21 July.

LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S retreat from the have threatened its existence. Dynasties may Cabinet, in tardy anticipation of expulsion by be changed, Governments overturned, the almost unanimous Parliamentary censure, has