the supply of additional clergy, the other a church-building society. The Bishop is president ex officio of both, and the Archdeacon an ex officio member of the committee. The other members of the committees of the two societies respectively, eleven in number, are to be elected annually, and six of them must be laymen. The Additional Clergy Society proposes to provide necessitous districts with clergymen, under the Bishop's licence, paying them at the rate of from 100 to 300 rupees per month, on condition of their being provided with a residence in the district.

Spiritual Destitution.-Extension of Romish Missions.-The following are extracts from a letter addressed by the Archdeacon of Madras to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, giving an account of a recent Visitation tour:

"Wherever I have proceeded, the universal complaint has been, the insufficient number of clergymen, and want of adequate church accommodation, even for the English and East Indian communities. From one end of the diocese to the other there is one unvaried cry from the congregations under the patronage of Government, consisting of its civil and military servants, and from those which form the especial care of our Missionary Societies, for a greatly increased supply of ministers, even for the instruction and establishment in their most holy faith, of those who are professedly the people of God, and how much more for the myriads who, on every side, are lying in darkness and the shadow of death.

The number of distinct English congregations, great and small, is about 100, and several of them are so large as to require two clergymen; while, making allowance for those absent on sick leave or on furlough, the number of chaplains available does not, on an average, exceed twenty; and I need hardly say, the fifty missionary clergymen in this diocese are still more inadequate for the great work which is committed to them, of building up our 50,000 native Christians in the faith and hope of salvation, and at the same time making known the unsearchable riches of Christ to those who are perishing for lack of knowledge.

"The Romish priests already outnumber us, three or four to one; and within the limits of Southern India the Church of Rome has no fewer than ten Bishops; viz. at Madras, St. Thomé, Secunderabad, Pondicherry, Coimbatore, Mysore, Mangalore, Goa, Quilon, and Veropoly.

"Most earnest and unceasing, therefore, must be our appeal to England to send us men competent not only to carry on this great spiritual warfare, but even to maintain our present position, which is threatened by the combined hosts of those who preach another Gospel, no less than by the votaries of idolatry and Mahommedanism."

ITALY.-Waning power of the Pope.

Protestantism at Rome.-The position of the Roman See has, within the last three months, been such as to give to the history of recent events a political, rather than a reli

gious character. But for the successes of Radetzki, it is extremely probable that the Pope would by this time have been reduced to the utmost extremity of helplessness. Since he has begun to breathe again more freely, he has had recourse to a remarkable method of discrediting the radical party, and enlisting the religious fanaticism of the Roman people on his side. What may have been the nature of the attempts to introduce Protestantism into Rome, does not appear, further than that the Giornale Romano intimated the existence of such attempts. We must therefore leave the Papal manifesto to explain itself; merely adding, that it was on the occasion of the process of beatification of Peter Claver, a Jesuit, that Pius IX. delivered himself of the following observations:

"It is not a slight encouragement which the Lord vouchsafes to us in giving us to contemplate, through so many ages, devoted men who have enriched the Church with fresh conquests. This consolation is the more sweet to us in proportion as we are pained to see, in the time in which we live, audacity carried so far as to attempt to introduce into all-Catholic Italy, and into the very centre of Christendom itself, Protestantism, by means of one, nay, of a thousand, and of ten thousand accomplices. They profess the most ardent zeal for the cause of Italian nationality, and employ for its service an abominable means, directly calculated to destroy it. At the moment when Germany, animated by the same spirit, acknowledges that difference of religion is the greatest obstacle to the end proposed, so much so that the Protestants form projects of union; men are to be found in Italy, who do not fear to raise an immense religious scandal, as well as an immense political danger, by endeavouring to introduce the pestilential seed of separation from the unity of the faith, in order to obtain the unity of the nation. This is what the blindness of passion leads to. Let us pray God to dissipate this darkness, and, confiding in the Divine promises, let us remember that the gates of hell shall not prevail against the Church.'

JAMAICA. Subdivision of the Diocese.-On the resignation of the Archdeaconry of Jamaica by the Rev. Dr. Pope, who had held the appointment ever since the foundation of the see, the diocese has, on the recommendation of the Bishop, been divided into three archdeaconries.

Religious Destitution.-The Archdeacon of the Bahamas reports that the northern islands of his archdeaconry, viz. Aboca, with a population of about 2000 souls; Grand Bahama, 850; Andros Island, 760; Berry Island, 100; are without a single licensed representative of the Church of England, either lay or clerical. Neither is there a resident European missionary of any religious denomination, save at Aboca, where there is a Wesleyan minister.

Distressed State of the Island.-In consequence of the general distress in Jamaica, the Bishop, in a letter dated June 30, and addressed to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, thus expresses his

apprehensions respecting the difficulties and embarrassments in which the clergy are likely to be involved :

"The aid of your excellent Society, at all past periods most valuable, is at this crisis absolutely necessary to the preservation of Church agency in many parts of this magnificent, but humiliated colony. How far the financial difficulties which press upon the island can be obviated, without a very considerable retrenchment of its annual expenditure, a just portion of which has been always liberally assigned to the Church, it is not easy to conjecture. A deficiency in one of the principal sources of revenue, which it was computed might occur to the amount of 14,000l. in the course of the whole year, has now appeared to the extent of 24,000l. within six months. To meet this exigency, the Legislature has been convened for the 3rd of August, and until some expedient shall be devised for replenishing the treasury, the public functionaries, including the parochial clergy, will be without salary.

"The anxiety and embarrassment consequent on this state of things are universal. The merchants are withholding their supplies, the planters throwing up their estates, the shopkeepers closing their doors; and, while all feel the evil, none appears to project the remedy. God only knows what will be the result! but so far as the calamity is consequent on the righteous act of emancipation, I feel confident that His gracious Providence will overrule it to our final benefit. The sentiments of the great majority of the population of Jamaica are essentially loyal; and a large proportion of the better informed classes is still strongly inclined, under every privation, to sustain the Church, as the most hopeful shelter from impending ruin. My earnest and continual efforts shall be directed to fortify and increase this good inclination, by developing the real efficacy of our ecclesiastical establishment, in supervising the Christian education of the people, in stimulating the peasantry to habits of industry and order, and in administering to all classes of the community the only true and solid consolation under their present bitter and trying adversity."

Confirmation of the young King of Mosquito.-The Annual Report of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel contains the following extract of a letter from the Bishop of Jamaica, dated November 20, 1847:

"The Society will, perhaps, be interested in hearing that after the consecration of our little mountain church at Conington, on the 18th instant, I had the satisfaction of confirming the young King of Mosquito, who came hither principally for that purpose about a fortnight ago. The first convictions of Christian faith which have evidently taken hold of the mind of this young prince, argue well for the gradual conversion of his subjects; and if it were within the charter and the power of the Society to establish a mission at Blewfields, the capital of his dominions, they would add to their history the record of another triumph of the Cross, well worthy of the name and object of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts."

NEW BRUNSWICK.-Return of the Bishop.-The New Cathedral.— The Lord Bishop of Fredericton left England on the 26th of August last, on his return to his diocese. Before his departure his Lordship addressed a few lines to his friends in this country who had assisted him in the objects of his visit. A sum of nearly 1800l. was contributed, chiefly towards the erection of his cathedral in the place of the existing parish church, used as the cathedral at present, which is a mean wooden structure, containing only thirty free sittings. The cathedral in course of erection will contain about 800 persons, and all the sittings will be free. The external walls of the nave and aisles (eighty-three feet by fifty-seven) have already been erected, and the nave-roof was to be put on this summer. The remaining works to be added were the choir, about forty feet in length, of which the tower will form a part; the roofing of the aisles, the completion of the western porch, the fitting-up of the interior, and the erection of a building to serve as a vestry, chapter-house, and clerical library. The sum still deficient is about 20001. The total expense of the cathedral is estimated at about 10,0007., of which 3000l. has been raised in the colony. The Bishop himself has expended on it a sum nearly equal to the whole income of the see for the three years during which he has presided over it. The very eligible site of five acres on which it stands, was granted gratuitously by the Governor in council, on a petition signed by nineteen-twentieths of the inhabitants of Fredericton, Dissenters as well as Churchmen. The Bishop was preceded on his return by three candidates for holy orders, one of whom is to be a travelling missionary, supported by funds contributed in this country.

Division of the Diocese into Rural Deaneries.-The Bishop, with a view to the more complete organization of the diocese, has divided it into seven rural deaneries; the deans to be nominated by the clergy resident within the limits of the several deaneries, subject to the approbation of the Bishop. The appointments are as follows:—Fredericton: The Ven. Archdeacon Coster; St. John's: Rev. Dr. Gray; Woodstock: Rev, S. D. L. Street; St. Andrew's: Rev. Dr. Alley; Shediac: Rev. Dr. Jarvis; Chatham: Rev. S. Bacon; Kingston: Rev. W. E. Scovil.

NEWFOUNDLAND.- Visitation of the Diocese.· The Bishop commenced the Visitation of this extensive diocese by the delivery of his charge at St. John's, on St. Matthew's-day, the 21st September of last year, and has been engaged during this summer in a voyage of Visitation along its shores, in the Church-ship. As a proof of the difficulty of communication and intercourse, the Bishop mentions, in his report to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, that "one-third of his clergy could not reach St. John's in time for the Visitation." Another painfully interesting instance of the delays and difficulties attending a Visitation by sea on the coast of Newfoundland, which occurred in July last, is thus related by the Bishop :-" After being bewildered and lost in a fog, which lasted nearly a week, and during which we

drifted many miles beyond our destination, and then knocked about in a gale which made the good Church-ship reel and shake, I arrive in St. George's Bay, anticipating a happy meeting and greeting with Mr. Meek and his people, who had not seen me, or any other clergyman, and had not partaken of the Holy Sacrament for three years; (Mr. Meek being in deacon's orders only, and the nearest priest 200 miles distant;) and lo! Mr. Meek is departed to St. John's, and the whole object of my visit is defeated." It appears that the vessel by which the Bishop's letter, notifying his arrangements, was sent, had been lost; and not anticipating the much-desired visit of his Diocesan, Mr. Meek had taken advantage of an opportunity, which so rarely occurs, of going direct to St. John's.

Organization of the Diocese.—The diocese, including the Bermudas, has been divided into seven rural deaneries. The Rev. Thomas J. Jones, M.A., of Oriel College, Oxford, has been appointed Principal of the Theological Institution, and he will reside with the students. The collegiate building being much too small, the bishop is anxious to commence the erection of a more suitable building, but is for the present prevented by want of funds. The Bishop has also resolved to open a school at St. John's, for the daughters of the upper classes; two ladies have left England to take the direction of it, and to superintend, in connexion with it, a girls' school for the poor.

The Romish Episcopate.-A coadjutor, with future succession, to the present Roman Catholic Bishop of Newfoundland, arrived at St. John's in May last.

It

NOVA SCOTIA.-New Church Periodical.-A new weekly paper has been established at Halifax under the title of the Church Times. is to be conducted in accordance with the principles of "evangelical truth and apostolic order;" and will be ordinarily used by the Bishop as a medium of communication with the clergy.

RUSSIA. Concordat between the Emperor and the Pope.-A concordat has been concluded, the particulars of which were officially published at the Consistory of July 3rd. In his allocution Pius IX. intimates that there are yet many points on which he desires a more satisfactory settlement; that, in fact, the present concessions obtained from Russia are considered by him in the light of an instalment. The following are the principal provisions of the Concordat: Art. I. The establishment, in the Russian empire, of one Archbishopric-Mohilew, and six Bishoprics-Wilna, Telsca, Minsk, Luceoria and Zytomeria, Kameniec, and the new diocese of Kherson, for Bessarabia, the Caucasus, and the adjoining provinces. Art. II. The Pope to settle the dioceses according to the preceding article; and the Imperial Government, with the sanction of the Holy See, the parochial divisions. Art. III. The six suffragan bishoprics established in 1789 to remain undisturbed. Art. IV. A suffragan of the Bishop of Kherson to be established at Saratow. Arts. V. to X. regulate details relative to the diocese of Kherson. Art. XI. The Polish dioceses to remain as settled in 1818.