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Keats, memorial of. Edited by Monckton Milnes, 205.

Kelly Translation of Rankie's History of the Popes in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. By Walter Keating Kelly, of Trinity College, Dublin, 1. Ken-Prayers for the use of all who come to the Baths of Bath. By Bishop Ken, 471.

Kidd-on the Thirty-Nine Articles, 473. Killpack-Ministry of Reconciliation. Sermon preached at St. James's, Devonport, on Church Service being first celebrated in a former Dissenting Meeting House. By the Rev. W. B. Killpack, 203.

Lamb, Memorials of. Edited by N. T.
Talfourd, 205.
Lancaster-Vindicia Symbolica; or, a
Treatise on Creeds, Articles of Faith,
and Articles of Doctrine. By T. W.
Lancaster, Vicar of Banbury, 26.
L'Anima Amante. By Pagani, 473.
Leben Jesu. By Strauss, 357.
Lessing, Works of, 257.

Letters from the Archives of Zurich, (Parker Society), 473.

Liberalism, Political and Theological. By D. F. Strauss, Author of the Life of Jesus, 199.

Liberty, Island of; or Equality and Community. By the Author of Theodore, 452.

Lincoln, Charge of the Bishop of, 1846, 77. Literature-Gervinus's History of, 357. Loci Communes. By Swainson and Wrattislaw, 473.

Lord's Prayer, Nine Sermons preached at Lincoln's Inn. By the Rev. F. D. Maurice, 213.

Loss and Gain, a Tale, 46.

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Marsh's Bampton Lectures, 473.
Martin-The Intellectual Calculator. By
J. P. Crossley, and W. Martin.
Maskell The Outward Means of Grace.
Sermon preached at the Bishop of Exeter's
Triennnial Visitation. By the Rev. W.
Maskell, 223.

Matin Bell, the; or, the Church's Call to Daily Prayer. By Bishop Mant, 232.

Maurice-Sermons on the Lord's Prayer preached at Lincoln's Inn. By the Rev. F. D. Maurice, 213. Middleton-Hours of Recreation. Poems written at the age of twenty-one. By Charles S. Middleton, 210.

Ministry of Reconciliation. Sermon preached at the first celebration of Church Service in a former Dissenting Meeting House at Devonport. By the Rev. W. Killpack,

203.

Ministry of St. John Baptist, and the
Baptism and Temptation of the Lord
Jesus Christ. An Exegetical Essay upon
the first three Gospels. By the Rev.
Edgar Huxtable, 215.
Mirabeau. A Life History, 204.
Mission of the Comforter, the. By Arch-
deacon Hare, 399.
Moberly's Logic, 473.
Moberly Sermons preached at Winchester

College. Second Series. With a Preface
on Fagging. By George Moberly,
D.C.L. Head Master of Winchester
College, 206.

Monckton Milnes-Memorials of Keats.
Edited by Monckton Milnes, 205.
Monopoly the Cause of Evil. By Arthur
O'Connor, 473.
Montgomery-The Gospel in advance of
the Age; being a Homily for the Times.
By the Rev. Robert Montgomery.
Montgomery-The Scottish Church, and
the English Schismatics. Letters on the
recent Schism in Scotland. By the
Rev. Robert Montgomery, 276.
Moore's Human Nature in Innocency, 473.
Murray-Archbishop Murray's Douay and

Rhenish Bible, and the Bordeaux New
Testament, &c. By a Lay Baronet,
209.

Napier. Speeches of G. A. Hamilton, Esq. and J. Napier, Esq., upon Education in Ireland, 306.

National Club, Address of, 1848, 324.
National Club-Speeches of G. A. Ha-
milton, Esq., and Joseph Napier, Esq.
on Education in Ireland. Published by
the National Club, 306.
National Tranquillity, Sound Education
the Security of. By the Rev. T. Ainger,
232.

National Warnings on National Education.
By Charles Wordsworth, D.D., 472.
Neander-The Life of Jesus Christ. By
Augustus Neander, 399.
Nind's Lecture Sermons. 473.
Norden-Progress of Piety.

By John

Norden. Reprinted by the Parker Society, 218.

Nugée-Instruction on Confirmation. To which is added a Manual of Devotions. By the Rev. George Nugée, Curate of St. Paul's, Knightsbridge, 216.

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Parry's Sermons, 473.
Path of Life, the, 473.
Peile-Annotations on St. Paul's Second
Epistle to the Corinthians. By Thomas
Williamson Peile, 465.
Penitent's Path, 274.
Philips-Triumphs of Practical Faith, in
Twelve Discourses. By the Rev. W.
Spencer Philips, B.D., 226.
Piety, Progress of. By John Norden.
Reprinted for the Parker Society, 218.
Plain Sermons for the Poor, 474.
Poole-Churches of Scarborough and Filey.
By G. Ayliffe Poole, Vicar of Welford,
and J. W. Heyall, Architect, 211.

Poole's Ecclesiastical Architecture, 473. Popery delineated in a brief Examination and Confutation, 209.

Popes, History of the, in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. By Leopold Rankie. Translated from the German by W. Keating Kelly, of Trinity Coll. Dublin, 1.

Poynder's Nelson's Fasts and Festivals, 473.

Prayers for a Christian Household. By the Rev. S. Bowdler, 471. Prayers for the Nursery, 474. Prayers for Parochial Schools, 474. Prayers for the use of all who come to the Baths of Bath. By Bishop Ken, 471. Presbytery Examined; an Essay, Critical and Historical, on the Ecclesiastical History of Scotland since the Reformation. By the Duke of Argyle, 276. Principles of Protestantism, 473. Protestantia, Excerpta-The Church of England in her Articles and Homilies, and her Antagonism to the Church of Rome, 222.

Reading Lessons for the Higher Classes in Classical, Middle, and Diocesan Schools. By the Rev. W. B. Flower, B.A., 209. Reformation, the, in France. By the author of Emilia Wyndham, 1.

Reginald Vere. Tale of the Civil Wars, in Verse. By the Rev. F. Woods Mant, Author of Rubi, 38.

Religious Liberty, and the Church in

Chains. By the Rev. J. Bradby Sweet, Perpetual Curate of Woodville, Leicestershire, 77.

Revolution of 1848, Reflections on. By the Superion Spirit, 216.

Richardson-Travels in the Great Desert of Sahara. By James Richardson, 467. Rites and Ceremonies, and Apostolical Succession, Thoughts on the necessity of. By the Rev. J. B. P. Dennis, 232. Rome, History of, for Young Persons. By the Rev. Samuel Fox, M.A., 216. Rose Allen, Autobiography of. Edited by a Lady, 228.

Ross-Reciprocal Obligation of the Church and the Civil Power. By the Rev. J. Lockhart Ross, 167.

Sacred and Legendary Art. By Mrs. Jameson, 470.

Safety of the Nation. Letter to Lord J. Russell on the. By M. Bosanquet, 232. Sahara, Travels in the Great Desert of. By James Richardson, 467.

Scarborough and Filey, Churches of. By George Ayliffe Poole, Vicar of Walford; and John West Hugall, 211.

Scholia Hellenistica in Novum Testamentum, Philone et Josepho Patribus Apostolicis, 217.

Scotland, Parochial and Collegiate Churches of, 473.

Scott-The Psalter. By Scott, 473.
Scottish Church and English Schismatics.
Letters on the recent Schism in Scotland.
By the Rev. Robert Montgomery, 276.
Scottish, New Generation, the, 470.
Sermons, Practical. By the Rev. W. Gres-
ley, Prebendary of Lichfield, 208.
Sewell-Christian Communion, a Sermon.
By William Sewell, B.D., 473.
Shakespeare, Birch on, 224.
Sharpe's London Magazine, 201.
Songs of Christian Chivalry, 473.
Spain, Annals of the Artists of. By Wil-
liam Stirling, M.A., 470.
Spencer-Abridgment of Wales' History of
Infant Baptism. By the Rev. W. H.
Spencer, 214.

Spencer's Commentary on the Collects, 474.
Stanley-Life and Correspondence of Dr.

Arnold. By A. P. Stanley, 399. Stephen-History of the Church of Scotland from the Reformation to the Present Time. By Thomas Stephen, 276. Sterling. Essays and Tales, by John Sterling. Edited by Archdeacon Hare, 399. Stirling-Annals of the Artists of Spain. By William Stirling, M.A., 470. Strauss's "Leben Jesu" and "Humanitarianism," 357.

Strauss-Political and Theological Liberalism. By D. F. Strauss, Author of the "Life of Jesus," 199. Superstitions, Traité des. Par M. Jean Baptiste Thiers, 324.

Sweet-Religious Liberty and the Church in Chains. By the Rev. J. Bradby Sweet, Perpetual Curate of Woodville, Leicestershire, 77.

Sweet Restoration of Corrective Discipline. By the Rev. J. B. Sweet, 77.

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Wales Artegall; or, Remarks on the Reports of the Commissioners of Enquiry into the State of Education in Wales, 222.

Wales, Education in. Reports of Commissions of Enquiry into the State of, 222., Wall's History of Infant Baptism, Abridg ment of. By the Rev. W. H. Spencer, 214.

Watson. Letter to Joshua Watson, D. C. L, By Archdeacon Churton, 472. White-Importance of the Episcopal Office in a newly-founded Mission. By the Rev. H. M. White, 232. Whitehead-Sketch of the Established Church in India. By E. Whitehead, M.A., Assistant Chaplain, H. E. I. C., 445. Wilberforce-Church Courts and Church Discipline. By Archdeacon R. J. Wilberforce, 77.

Winchester College, Sermons preached at.

Second Series. With a Preface on Fagging. By George Moberly, D.C. L., 206. Woman. By Monod, 473. Wordsworth-National Warnings on National Education. By Chr. Wordsworth, D.D., 472.

Youthful Christian Soldier; or, the Younger Members of the Church admonished of their Baptismal Vow. By the Bishop of Down and Connor, 214.

THE

ENGLISH REVIEW.

SEPTEMBER, 1848.

ART. I.-The Protestant Reformation in France; or, The History of the Hugonots, by the Author of "Father Darcy," "Emilia

Wyndham, ""Old Men's Tales," &c. 2 vols. Bentley. 1847. The History of the Popes in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, by LEOPOLD RANKE. Translated from the German by WALTER KEATING KELLY, Esq., B. A., of Trinity College, Dublin. 1 vol. Whittaker & Co.

THE sixteenth century may be considered as the opening of modern improvement in religion, government, and civilization; three hundred years ago, the great states of the world presented a very different picture from what we see at present; but the seed sown by the invention of printing, and the diffusion of knowledge, was even then beginning to show itself as a vigorous plant, from which future centuries were to reap the maturer fruits. Our object in considering the works before us, is to examine the state of religion in France at the period, and, from a short view of the prominent characters, to inquire into the reasons why France rejected those truths, which England and other nations eagerly received.

During the middle and end of the sixteenth century, the two greatest countries of the world were governed by women,-England by Queen Elizabeth, and France by Catherine de Medicis; their reigns commenced about the same period, if we date Catherine's accession from the death of her husband Henry II. in 1559, and consider her as the real ruler of the kingdom during the lives of her unfortunate sons, Francis II., Charles IX., and Henry III. The history before us includes only the reigns of the two former of these princes, from 1559 to 1574, a period when events were crowded into a space almost incredibly small; a violent persecution, three civil wars, several sieges, murders of the chiefs on both sides, and the massacre of St. Bartholomew, succeeded each other with frightful rapidity. France became the arena on which the world's great contending parties tried their strength, liberty of conscience struggled for existence against papal tyranny and the superstition of ages, and VOL. X.-NO. XIX.-SEPT. 1848.

B

the Hugonots, after severe trials and several victories, were at last driven from the field.

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In examining the characters presented to our view, the first which deserves our attention is Catherine herself: with as much ambition as Elizabeth, and with the same desire of personal authority, she fell far short of her great contemporary in the art of acquiring and retaining power. Elizabeth had a certain object; she was determined to advance the Reformation, and to improve England, and by both these means to increase her own power; she chose her instruments judiciously, and as long as her ministers served her purpose, she never betrayed them or consulted their opponents. Catherine, however, was exactly the reverse; she had no fixed principle, and no definite object; "divide and govern' was her motto; she was like the man in the Gospel, out of whom the evil spirit was departed, "empty, swept, and garnished," and so, ever ready for the occupancy of any power of evil, who should seize upon the first possession. Her love of pleasure was unbounded; she invented side-saddles, to enable her to accompany her husband in hunting; she delighted in tournaments, processions, masquerades, and all the gaieties of a dissipated court. Her young ladies, about two hundred in number, called "the queen's daughters," added much to the splendour of her train, and were a special object of her care: she attended to their education, chastised them if they displeased her, and was extremely strict in repressing scandalous conversation or writings. She considered herself a warrior as well as a queen; she attended several sieges, and loved to see a battle: when the English reinforcements were allowed to enter Rouen, she got into a violent passion, and swore at the French officers, saying, that had she been in command it should not have happened; and that she had the courage, if not the strength of a man. Though a good French woman (says Brantôme) she discouraged duelling. (Brantôme has written largely on duels, and is one of the best authorities on the subject). For," he adds, "when one of my cousins challenged an officer, she sent him to the Bastile; and suspecting that I was engaged as his second, she sent for me and reprimanded me severely, saying, that whatever excuse might be made for the folly of a young man, there was none for me, as being older I ought to have been wiser." But with all her physical courage, she was evidently deficient in moral courage; and for her cruelty she had not even the pretext of religious enthusiasm: after the battle of Dreux, when the Hugonots were supposed to have gained a victory, her only remark was, "Then for the future we must say our prayers in

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French."

The predominant party was of course Roman Catholic; these,

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