specks in the distant sky, I could perceive that one of them gradually gained on the other, touched it, and then both melted into a larger dot, which slowly descended to the ground."-pp. 119, 120.

This merlin subsequently became a regular attendant on shooting parties, and whenever a bird was wounded, and had some chance of escaping, the merlin pursued and made a prey of it. Space forbids us to give any further extracts from this amusing and well-written book. The frontispiece represents a heron descending to his nest, and certainly the weapons with which nature has furnished the young ones, who are represented as sitting in the nest, give one a very sufficient notion of the unpleasant position of our author when assailed by the heron's beak.

XXIX.-Tetralogia Liturgica: sive S. Chrysostomi, S. Jacobi, S. Marci Divina Missa: quibus accedit Ordo Mozarabicus. Recensuit, parallelo ordine digessit, notasque addidit JOANNES M. NEALE, A.M., Collegii Sackvillensis apud East Grinsted Custos. Londini impensis Joannis Leslie.

:

THIS work is, on the whole, very creditable to the learning and research of its editor. It contains a harmony of the ancient Liturgies of St. Chrysostom, St. Mark, St. James, and the Mozarabic. These Liturgies represent respectively the rites of Constantinople, Alexandria, Jerusalem, and 'Spain. The Roman rite is omitted, having been already published by Daniel in connexion with other Western Liturgies. The Liturgies contained in the work before us, are taken from the best modern-printed editions without any attempt to collate MSS. Had the latter course been adopted, the Liturgy of Chrysostom, at least, would probably be shorter than as represented by Mr. Neale. This writer states, in his Preface, that he is of opinion that the Nestorian Liturgies represent a fifth Apostolic rite, distinct from the four Apostolic forms of Jerusalem, Alexandria, Ephesus, and Rome, to which Mr. Palmer and all subsequent writers on Liturgies have traced existing Liturgies. There is, unquestionably, a very peculiar type in the Nestorian Liturgies, and a question may fairly arise whether they do not represent an independent Apostolical rite: from such imperfect means of judgment as are within our reach, we are at present of opinion that they are not of Apostolic antiquity even in their order and substance. But we shall look with much interest to the discussion which Mr. Neale promises us on this subject. It is one of considerable importance, though of great difficulty from the apparent deficiency of the means of forming a judgment, in the very vague and im

perfect accounts we have on the subject; and the absence of references to the early Fathers who might aid us. The Liturgies are succeeded by copious notes, chiefly selected from previous

commentators.

XXX.-The Temporal Benefits of Christianity exemplified in its influence on the Social, Intellectual, Civil, and Political Condition of Mankind, from its first promulgation to the present day. By ROBERT BLAKEY, Author of " The History of the Philosophy of Mind, &c." London: Longmans.

THE author of this work appears to be an amiable and welldisposed person, and he has taken some pains in collecting materials for his work. The composition, however, in our opinion, does not rise beyond mediocrity. It is avowedly composed on the principle of "looking at the Bible apart from all denominational feelings and prepossessions ;" and the author hopes thus to avoid giving offence to any one. From what we have seen, he certainly does hold the balance very evenly, and it would be hard to guess of what complexion his own religious tenets may be. We find some odd specimens of spelling here and there. Amongst the rest Suarez is (in pp. 353 and 361) spelt Saurez; while in pp. 396398, we have the following curious enumeration of Synods, "Epaneuse"-"Aurelianeuse"-"Emeriteuse"-" Wormatieuse" Matisconeuse"-" Pansieuse"-" Agatheuse"- "Rheneuse -"Lugduneuse"-Verneuse"-" Londineuse"-" Cabiloneuse," &c.-St. Ambrose (ibid.) is "St. Ambroise." Benedict XIV. is "Benoit XIV." In p. 329 we find a reference to Tertulliani Apoligeticus." On the whole we are rather inclined to doubt whether our author's knowledge of languages extends beyond his mother tongue.

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XXXI. Catechesis; or, Christian Instruction preparatory to Confirmation and First Communion. By the Rev. CHARLES WORDSWORTH, M.A., Warden of Trinity College, Glenalmond. London: Rivingtons.

THIS will be found a work of very great value and utility to those who are engaged in preparing young persons for Confirmation, and for their first reception of the Holy Communion. It is altogether designed to aid in the work of catechizing; supplying the teacher with ample materials. On the whole the volume appears to be every thing that could be wished for such a purpose. Suitable devotions are introduced at the close of each chapter.

XXXII.-Marriage with a Deceased Wife's Sister prohibited by Holy Scripture, as understood by the Church for 1500 Years. Evidence given before the Commission, &c. By E. B. PUSEY, D.D., Regius Professor of Hebrew, &c. To which is added, a Speech by E. BADELEY, Esq., M.A., Barrister-at-Law. Oxford: J. H. Parker.

THIS publication ought to be in the hands of every one who is desirous of making himself master of the Marriage question. The pamphlets of Messrs. Bennett and Keble contain the best and briefest statements of the scriptural arguments. The Church has reason to be deeply grateful to the many witnesses to her principles who have written on this most deeply important subject. We earnestly trust their efforts will be crowned with success. It is pretty evident that Mr. Wortley's Bill cannot pass in this session of Parliament; and so far we may feel thankful for the amount of success which has been gained; but it is understood that every possible effort will be made to push on the Bill in the next session, and we trust that all friends of morality, and all advocates for the Scripture Law of Marriage, will be ready at the proper time to offer a far more extended and well-organized opposition to this monstrous attempt, than they have yet done.

XXXIII.-Sketches of Canadian Life, Lay and Ecclesiastical. Illustrative of Canada and the Canadian Church. By a PRESbyter of the DIOCESE OF TORONTO. London: Bogue. THE object of this work is to furnish to emigrants of the higher classes some suggestions as to the most profitable channels of investment and employment in the Canadas. The generality of books written for the use of emigrants are only calculated for the commercial and labouring classes; but there is a great want of instruction for that important class on which the civilization and religion of the Colonies so much depends-we refer to those professional persons, and those junior branches of our gentry, who sometimes seek to recruit their diminished means by a removal to the Colonies. The Canadian Presbyter paints in very gloomy colours the life of a person of education seeking in a settlement in the Back-woods to improve his fortunes. His statements bear out what we have heard from competent judges, that a gentleman is still less likely to find pecuniary benefit from locating himself in a Canadian forest, and clearing ground for cultivation, than he would be in managing an English farm. His habits, and views, and feelings, unfit him in either case for the kind of life which enables a Canadian or an English farmer to gain his livelihood

from the ground; and the result is, that his produce is consumed in the expenses of his undertaking, and he has to support himself and his family out of his capital. To labouring men and to farmers, the occupation of land for the purpose of clearing, brings far more extensive and certain advantages. The wages of the former are high, and soon raise him to independence; the frugal habits and previous employments of the latter enable him to realize the profits of his labour.

The volume before us, however, points out to emigrants of the higher classes the certain advantages which a residence in Canada holds out, without any of the evils of the Back-woods. It states that a person possessing an income of 2507. may, provided the capital can be transferred to Canada, at once possess an income of 6007. or 7007. by investments in landed property, or by lending on good security; and that on the latter income he may keep his carriage, live in comfort and ease, and give his children a good education. If this be so, we should think any person possessing such a small property would act very unwisely in emigrating to the Back-woods, instead of settling in or near some of the principal towns of Canada, where he might have the advantages of civilized society.

The views of the author on the subject of emigration are conveyed in the shape of a story, which records the adventures of a young man of good family, who emigrates to Canada, lives for a time in the Bush, then becomes a clergyman of the Canadian Church, and passes through the perils of the Insurrection, and concludes with giving the results of his experience. The style is light and playful, and the book reads very well, independently of the instruction which it conveys. We select a few passages as illustrative of the author's mode of treating his subjects.

The hero of the tale (Vernon) has just made a purchase of uncleared ground on the banks of a lake, and having secured the services of a respectable labourer and his wife, he proceeds in a skiff with them to his settlement; and, after some discussion, operations begin in the following manner :

Seizing one of the axes, Smith proceeded to cut down some small saplings, leaving a fork or 'crotch' at the upper end of one or two of them. They were some twelve or fifteen feet long, and were arranged in a conical form, like a marquee or an Indian wigwam, each pole being about a foot distant from each other, where they rested on the ground, and all running to a point at the top, where they were kept from falling by the forks that had been left at the upper extremities of some of them. When this framework had been completed to his satisfaction, Smith felled a large hemlock tree that stood close by, and as he cut off

the branches, with their dark-green feathery foliage, his wife, aided by Harry, dragged them to the spot required. When a considerable quantity had been accumulated, Smith came with his axe, and having cut off the heaviest parts of the branches, left those only that were most thickly covered with leaves. These, with Harry's assistance, he spread thickly over the framework, and ere long, when the former entered the wigwam, he found himself separated from the outer air by a dense and verdant covering, sufficient to turn aside an ordinary shower of rain, and to protect them from the chilliness of the night, which was now considerable, as the season was advancing. While Harry and his man had been thus employed, the wife of the latter had been busily engaged in pulling off the small upper twigs of the hemlock boughs. These she carried into the wigwam or tent, and arranged on one side as a bed for Harry, spreading them so thickly, as effectually to protect him both from the hardness and the humidity of the ground. By the time all this was effected night was falling fast upon them, and the gloom of the forest made it appear later than it really was. A roaring fire was kindled opposite the door of the wigwam, and the whole party went down to the boat to carry up their provisions, together with their household goods and chattels, consisting principally of a fryingpan (beyond all controversy the most essential article in the culinary department of the backwoodsman's life), a tin kettle, a tin teapot, two or three tin cups, and a large tin dish. The next operation of interest was the preparation for supper. Smith filled the kettle, and set it on the fire; while his wife, putting some flour into the larget in dish aforesaid, made a couple of most substantial cakes, each of which exactly covered the bottom of the fryingpan. One after the other they were placed in this most useful utensil, and set up at a very acute angle before the fire, a quantity of live charcoal being placed behind it. In a short time they were beautifully baked. The fryingpan, having done duty as an oven, next appeared in a new character as a pot, for some slices of salt pork being put into it, it was immediately filled to the brim with water, and the pork boiled therein, until a certain proportion of the superabundant salt was extracted. The water being then poured off, it resumed its legitimate office as a fryingpan, and the rashers kept hissing and crackling away in a most enlivening manner, until they were done brown.' Tea having been previously made, the fryingpan was lifted off the fire, and with a versatility of character that can surely only belong to Canadian fryingpans, it now discharged the functions of a gravy-dish. Resorting to their pocket-knives, and using a piece of the new-made bread instead of a plate, they managed to do ample justice to their evening meal,"

This is a curious specimen of the mode of living in the "Bush." Well as it may look on paper, we think that this is not exactly the sort of thing which is likely to suit a person accustomed to the habits of English civilization. It seems that salt pork is the usual provision in remote districts, when it can be got: at times,