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however, there is no barrel of pork, or of flour at the store, and then the emigrants must be content to pay exorbitant prices to petty dealers.

We extract the following passage, detailing the mode of travelling towards remote settlements in Canada :

"Not many days after the conversation detailed in the last chapter, Harry packed up a few necessary articles in a small cabin, and, taking with him his fowlingpiece, started in light marching order for the Bush.' Putting himself into one of those strange-looking vehicles—a Canadian stage, it was not long before he became more intimately conversant with the pleasures of travelling in Canada than he had previously been. Proceeding to the north, they soon left the light sandy road that marked the neighbourhood of the lake, and found themselves in the deep and heavy clay soil that lies to the rear; and now began such pitching, and plunging, and rolling, as Harry, in his innocence, had hitherto deemed to be the peculiar characteristic of the dominions of Neptune. The space between the zigzag rail-fences that bounded the road on either side was abundantly wide and roomy, along which a well-worn wagon-track, hard and comparatively smooth, wound its devious way, now on this side, to avoid a perilous mud-hole, and now on the other, to escape a broken corduroy bridge. The appearance of the remainder of the road on either side of the single-travelled track showed that during the spring rains it had been cut up to a most fearful extent; for as all the passing conveyances seemed to adhere most carefully to the follow my leader' principle, it had been left unmolested, and had been permanently baked by the hot summer sun in the exact state in which the spring had left it. And a pretty state it was: ruts of the most alarming depth were every where visible; mud-holes which, though now dry, were of such dimensions as must, when full, have required no small amount of nerve to have crossed; while the innumerable irregularities produced by the poaching of the horses' feet in the deep mud, which had now been hardened by the heat, produced a state of roughness to which a ploughed field converted into cast iron would have been a bowling-green. We have said that the travelled track was smooth, but we spoke of it in comparison with the road at the side. It certainly was smooth with reference to the small irregularities; but it was, at the same time, fearfully uneven as regarded the larger ups and downs. On the country roads in Canada they have a method of making a cross drain or culvert, by laying down two logs parallel with and at about a foot or eighteen inches from each other; while a third large round log is laid upon them, to form a covering for the drain. This latter log usually runs considerably above the level of the road; and though, when first made, the earth is sloped up to it on either side, so as to make a somewhat gradual rise, yet the earth soon sinks or is worn away, and leaves the aforesaid log, among other excellent uses, to prove, to the satisfaction of all who may feel interested, the strength of the coach's springs and the passenger's spines. These, varied by

frequent corduroy bridges (which might be almost defined as a continual series of such culverts), and enlivened by dried-up mud-holes, the descent into which almost caused your breath to go from you, as when a vessel plunges into the trough of the sea, were by no means unfrequent characteristics, at that time, of the road which Harry and his fellowpassengers were travelling."

Such being, we presume, the state of things even now in the remoter districts, we certainly see much to approve in the suggestion of the author, that a person who has a small independence (say 2501. income), should purchase a small quantity of land in the neighbourhood of one of the larger towns; for instance, on one of the main roads leading into Toronto, where he can build according to his taste, keep his horses and carriage, live in comfortable style, save money, and give his children a first-rate education-such being the advantages which the above-mentioned income brings with it in Canada. The author states that the mere fact of taking 250l. to that country, converts it into 3007.; and if this income arises from money in the funds, it may be raised to 6007. by safe investments yielding seven and eight per cent. The freedom from rates and taxes is also an important consideration on which our author dwells.

XXXIV.-Cyclops Christianus; or, an Argument to disprove the supposed Antiquity of the Stonehenge and other Megalithic Erections in England and Brittany. By A. HERBERT, late of Merton College, and of the Inner Temple. London: Petheram. THIS is a very learned and curious book, in which the author endeavours to substantiate his position, that Stonehenge is an erection of the fifth century after Christ, and that it was the seat of the British sovereignty after the departure of the Romans, and before the Saxon dominion became finally established in England. We are bound to say, that although we find it difficult to embrace such a notion, Mr. Herbert has brought a very great mass of learning and research to bear on the question, and has certainly answered (apparently satisfactorily) such objections as we might have had prima facie to his views. To pass any opinion, however, on the main question is beyond our power.

Xxxv.-A Memoir of the Life of Bishop Mant. By his sometime Brother-Fellow, Archdeacon BERENS. London: Rivingtons. THIS little Memoir is written in a very pleasing and unaffected style, and narrates the various and useful occupations through

which the respected subject of the biography rose from the position of an humble curate to the episcopal bench. To the many friends of this excellent prelate, the volume before us will be a most gratifying memorial; while to those who may be unfamiliar with his name, the picture of quiet pastoral usefulness, and of unexceptionable conduct in all respects, here presented, will have a soothing and tranquillizing effect, and will lead to the assurance, that earnestness and godly sincerity are not limited merely to the present day. No one is better qualified to do justice to the subject than Archdeacon Berens, and he has executed his part admirably.

XXXVI. The Statutes of the Fourth General Council of Lateran, recognized and established by subsequent Councils and Synods, down to the Council of Trent. By the Rev. JOHN EVANS, M.A. London: Seeleys, Fleet Street.

It is well known that the decrees of the Fourth General Council of Lateran were so peculiarly intolerent and even savage in their tone, as to excite the shame of Romish controversialists-a result of which we might perhaps have questioned the possibility, were not the fact so patent. Advantage has been taken of an error of Collier's to reject the authority of this Council altogether, and treat as apocryphal, the famous (or infamous) Statutes, which have excited so much Protestant wrath, and so much Romish confusion of spirit. Mr. Evans has made it his task to demonstrate the validity, within and for the papal branches of the church Catholic, not only of the canons generally of this Fourth Council, but also of the third canon in particular, which has been mainly questioned. We may quote an observation of Mr. Percival's, with reference to this canon, also cited by Mr. Evans, which places the importance of the question in a right point of view. "This canon, like the twenty-seventh of the third Lateran, is beyond comment;" he says, "this was the acme of papal presumption; in fact, it was not possible to carry the perversion of apostolical authority further. Let it be considered that neither of these has ever been set aside by any competent authority in the Church of Rome. They are ready to be enforced whenever the rulers of that Church shall have the power and inclination to do so." Mr. Evans has most satisfactorily proved his point: in fact, we have rarely read an inquiry of this nature, conducted with more truthful moderation and wisely tempered zeal.

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XXXVII.-Lady Alice; or, The New Una. A Novel. In 3 vols. Colburns. 1849.

A MOST extraordinary book is this, and one to which we desire to pay all due honour. Such ultra-Catholic refinement as is exhibited in this production we do not ever remember to have met before-such altars, such incense, such thuribles, such flowers, such robes, such anthems, and such canticles! Rome herself has nothing to equal the very sensuous pictures of religious rites herein presented to the mental eye. "Lady Alice" is really a marvellous compound of Rosa-Matildaism and Ultra-Highchurchwomanship. The heroine who gives her name to the work holds all Romish doctrine within the Anglican Church, and consequently regards herself as in full communion with all foreign Roman Catholic communities; while at the same time she considers English Roman Catholics to be schismatics, whose loyal adherence is due to our Anglican Mother. We will not dispute the correctness of much of this. Both the Anglican and Roman Churches are undoubtedly branches of the One Church Catholic; though we hold the latter to be attainted by idolatrous practices and various corruptions of the "faith once delivered to the saints." Nevertheless, as those national Churches, which have recognized the supremacy and adopted the errors of Rome, have not forfeited their ecclesiastical or spiritual existence, it is, indeed, a question, whether sincere Anglicans in a foreign land, where the Romish faith is established, and where their own communion exists not, might not be justified in communicating with the Roman Catholic Church. Yet idolatry is so interwoven with the Romish services that it is practically most difficult, if not impossible, to join in the good, without rendering apparent homage to the evil: thus, to receive the bread alone, without the cup, in the blessed Eucharist, is to recognize a mutilated ordinance equally condemned by Catholic antiquity and the pure canon of Scripture. This is, consequently a very difficult question, as regards the conduct of Churchmen; and in our opinion the objections to any act of communion outweigh the arguments in favour of it, even in this view of the case; but, of course, when we should be required to renounce the Church of our baptism, the difficulty becomes insurmountable. The authoress of "Lady Alice" (for a lady alone can have written this extraordinary book) has, however, no doubts upon the subject, and maintains with no little audacity the extreme position so resolutely upheld by Ward, in his very scandalous book on the Ideal of the Christian Church. But we may seem to be waxing too grave for the nonce, inasmuch as this "Lady Alice" closely resembles an opera ballet, transmuted into

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a novel in three volumes! Yet this extraordinary production is suggestive of many grave reflections, and might well furnish the subject-matter for a careful essay. It is a "prononciamento" of fashionable "ultraism" (if we may use the term):-the externals alone of true Catholicism are aimed at; of its stern realities we see nothing whatever. Religion, according to individuals of this class, is the essence of lavender-water. Of discipline, of obedience, of remorse for sin, of charity, of duty, we have no glimpse afforded us. The only question these people would seem to address to themselves, concerning any point of doctrine or of practice, is this: Is it pretty?-is it picturesque ?—is it effective? It is all playing at Christianity, even where the most devotional feelings are exhibited! And there is something in all this calculated to demoralize, and even to debase. The beauty of the Church's services, the visible external beauty may no doubt be a desideratum, but it is only one of a secondary nature; and when exalted to this unnatural pre-eminence it becomes pre-eminently offensive to religious minds. At the same time, we own such a book as Lady Alice" to be a fair sample of the wishes of a certain portion of the educated community, who desiderate greater external order and beauty in our services; and we do not think the desires of this class should be altogether neglected, though we might recommend other means than they would approve of for the attainment of the wished-for end. Thus, it is very questionable, whether a dead and monotonous delivery of the Church's prayers be likely to excite the attention and awaken the sympathies of the poor. If the clergy would render it manifest to the people that they were really praying, and not simply reading, in their desks or at their lecterns; if the chants employed for praise were simple and devotional without being contrary to the first principles of thorough-bass; if, above all, the people were encouraged, instructed, and even intreated, where needful, to join in the Church's services; if, finally, hymns of a devotional and popular character were provided for all the Church's high days and festivals, which should be at once affirmatory and explanatory, not vague and manyworded; -were all this effected, we do believe indeed that "the beauty of holiness" would be more widely manifested than it is at the present day; and this is no doubt "a consummation devoutly to be wished for." We need not allude in particular to the various Romanising puerilities advocated by the authoress of "Lady Alice," which even include the chanting, in Latin, of the Te Deum, Benedictus, Creed, Lord's Prayer, and Litany, by a party of English people celebrating the morning service of their

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