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ANOVERIAN GARRISONS IN GREAT BRITAIN (cliii. 209).-Mar Castle, and Corgarff Castle, were taken over by the Government after the rebellion in 1745, and garrisoned with the view of keeping the Highlanders in order. Both castles were altered in order to suit them for the purpose, were enclosed by a wall in the form of a star, loop-holed for musketry. Corgarff had a garrison of two officers and fifty men up to 1831, not to put down rebellion, but to assist the civil authorities in the suppression of illicit whisky distilling. See The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland,' by MacGibbon and Ross (Edinburgh, David Douglas, 1887). T. F. D.

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SIR HENRY BROWNE (cliii. 244).

May

The Library.

A Cretan Statuette in the Fitzwilliam Museum.
A Study in Minoan Costume. By A. J.
B. Wace. (Cambridge University Press,
10s. 6d.).

THIS sumptuous book is a model of what
archaeological publication may be, when
no expense is spared. It gives the first
definitive description of the lovely and unique
marble Minoan goddess which is now in the
circumstances of its discovery are necessarily
Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge. Since the
but vaguely known, its date can only be
determined by technical considerations. Mr.
Wace, whose great knowledge of pre-Hellenic
antiques is here reinforced by his special
interest in textiles, is thus happily led into a
most interesting discussion of Minoan femin-

ine dress and its materials. He proves quite

he not be Lt.-Gen. Thomas Henry clearly from the details of the costume that St. the statuette belongs to late Minoan I, though it is probably earlier than the gold and Fine Arts, which belongs to the same epoch. ivory goddess, now in the Boston Museum of It is of course later than the well-known faience snake ladies of Cnossos, which belong to Middle Minoan III.

Browne, K.C.H., of Bronwylfa, nr. Asaph? B. 1757; Col. 80th Foot, distinguished at siege of Copenhagen, capture of Martinique, in Peninsular War, etc., etc; Knight-Commander of Guelphic Order. He m. Elizabeth Brandling, and d. in 1855. He was the eldest brother of Felicia Hemans. Their grandfather was an Irishman from Cork. The D. N. B.' has a biography of him, I think.

F. P. LEYBURN-YARKER.

"ALL SIR GARNET” (cliii. 28, 69, 141, 196, 231). Whilst enjoying a short holiday in Seaton, South Devon, I saw MR. BELBEN's note at the last reference.

Directly after reading it, I happened to be talking to an old fisherman, who, curiously enough, in referring to something he had just

done, exclaimed "It's all Sir Garnet."

Although knowing full well what this term conveyed, I asked him what it meant, and he immediately replied "'All right,' sir," thus proving that not only is this phrase still in use, but that it is not alone" peculiar to London."

E. E. NEWTON.

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exception of this statuette from his rule that no
Mr. Wace notes that Professor Nilsson's
Minoan or Mycenaean goddess is intentionally
represented as clasping her breasts, is due
to a misunderstanding. The rule therefore
becomes absolute. Its importance lies in the
these goddesses with a
fact that a prevalent hypothesis connecting
mother goddess of
oriental type is thereby shown to rest upon a
mistaken premise.

The Ten Princes. Translated from the San-
skrit by Arthur W. Ryder. (University of
Chicago Press, 10s. net).

THE authon character, something like a
of this work, a sort of prose
mingling of the Arabian Nights' with pica-
who flourished not later than the second half of
resque motifs and method, was one Dandin,
the seventh century of our era, and of whom
nothing is known save that he also wrote The
Mirror of Poetry,' a treatise on literary com-
position. The Ten Princes itself is not
wholly his, the first five and the last of its
view of this fact it might have been a good
fourteen chapters being by other hands. In
plan to give some little account of the history
of the text. Mr. Ryder confines himself to an
estimate of the literary quality of the work.
His translation strikes us, on the whole, as
happy.
author and his contemporaries attained and
The principal beauties which the
enjoyed in it cannot, indeed, be rendered in
any way in English; but something of the
atmosphere can be and has been infused into

the translation, and a choiceness in the use
of words has been made to suggest, though it
cannot absolutely represent, the choiceness
of style for which the_original is celebrated.
Mr. Ryder rates The Ten Princes' very high.

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Through the medium of his prose the cultivated reader of to-day will certainly find pleasure in what was offered for the amusement, and for no more than the amusement, of the cultivated reader of those days. In spite, however, of charm and brilliancy the book does not take sufficient hold to be amusing to perfection, and it is interesting to make out why. We think the world of readers certainly in the West-has grown much more exacting than it was of old in the matter of entertainment, and, in particular, requires much more variety and also clearer delineation, in character than it was satisfied with in the East centuries ago. These beautiful damsels and wily heroes have a degree and kind of life not much higher than those of fairy tales, and we may see this difference of standard by the very comparision to which Mr. Ryder invites us-with the Gilbert and Sullivan operas. In a sense, as these remarks indicate, his limitations lend some additional significance to Dandin.

Satirical and Controversial Medals of the Reformation: The Biceps or Double-Headed Series. By Francis Pierrepont Barnard. (Oxford, Clarendon Press, £1 18. net).

THESE medals, with one or two exceptions

bear on each face two heads. It would

appear that the series was started by the Holy See, with design to illustrate the four great

authorities on which the administration of

Christendom depends; accordingly on one face we have the Pope and, reversed, the Emperor; on the other face a Cardinal and, reversed, a Bishop. This, in the hands of the satirists of the Reformation, became a medal with Pope and Devil on one side and Cardinal and Fool on the other. Dr. Barnard describes 184 examples, and, in addition, a late eighteenth century seal bearing the Pope-Devil design. The half-dozen plates give illustration of fortythree medals. The first five on the list are variants of one which purports, by its legend, to have been struck in the fifth century, and has been assigned to the reign of Innocent VIII. but is ascertained to be the work of G. Paladius in the third quarter of the sixteenth century. On some of the Papal medals occur the names of St. Gregory, St. Augustine, St. Jerome and St. Ambrose-chief Fathers of the Western Church, and on one, after the two latter names appear the letters K. L., which have not So far been satisfactorily explained. Kirchen Lehrer and the Low Latin Kyrii Liturgus have been suggested. In general the treatment of the reversible head in these designs is clever, and a few pieces have real merit. The headgear, particularly the fool's cap, presents some points of interest, as do the legends, of which one or two furnish minute discourses. One medal of 1540 has on the obverse St. George and the Dragon: and there are examples showing the Whore of Babylon. There is note, and cut,

Printed and Published by the Bucks Free

these Protestant of a Catholic retort upon medals of which no actual specimen has been found-in which Calvin's head is combined with Dr. Barnard's Introduction. the the Devil. description of the medals, the lavish footnotes, and the excellent plates, are all beyond praise. This little corner of learning has not been than cursorily and partially visited before. Both the numismatist and the historical student will thus glean something fresh from these pages.

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Fifty Poems. By A. D. Godley.

C. L. Graves and C. R. L. Fletcher. University Press. 58. net).

Edited by (Oxford

last

one

WE are grateful to the editors of this volume, WE having turned its pages over and over with much enjoyment and being sure we shall do so again. It is a selection from Godley's four books of verse, themselves mainly put together from pieces which Oxford readers had already enjoyed in the Oxford Magazine, and from the Reliquiae A. D. Godley,' published year. The fifty range from 1881 to 1919, but, salted with the preservative of genuine wit, they are even surprisingly equal with another in their freshness, their undiminished life. About half of them are taken from the delicious pieces, Phases of Celtic Mountaineering we are given three poems, Revival,' represent A. D. G. on Ireland; best of them the parody of Matthew Arnold addressed in 1917 to the Awarders of the Oxford and Cambridge School Certificate; and there follow about a score on miscellaneous topics. The Oxford poems still surpass the rest, if not in underlying poetic feeling or in the occasional felicity in their wit, and they include the most rise of this to the surface, yet in gaiety and most distinctive achievement. successful examples of Goliardic verse, Godley's

skits on Oxford topics; the two The Arrest' and

CORRIGENDUM.

on

At ante p. 246, col. 2, 1. 19 from below, for their cardboard" read thin cardboard.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

APPROVED Queries are inserted free of charge. Contributors are requested always to gives their names and addresses, for the information of the Editor, and not necessarily for publication.

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WHEN sending a letter to be forwarded to another contributor, correspondents are quested to put in the top left-hand corner of the envelope page of 'N. & to which the latter refers.

The Publisher will be pleased to forward free specimen copies of N. and Q.' to any addresses of friends which readers may like to send to him.

Press, Ltd., at their Offices, High Street, Wycombe, in the County of Bucks.

FOR READERS AND WRITERS, COLLECTORS AND LIBRARIANS. Seventy-Eighth Year.

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THE FIFTH, SIXTH and SEVENTH SERIES. PUBLISHER'S BINDING CASES for VOL.

sold

36 bound volumes (1874 to 1879). Would be separately. Offers to A.H., Box 193, N. & Q., 20, High Street, High Wycombe. Bucks.

When replying to advertisements

mention" NOTES AND QUERIES."

CLII. (Jan.-June, 1927) are now on sale, and should be ordered from "NOTES AND QUERIES," 20, High Street, High Wycombe, Bucks, England, direct or through

local bookbinders. The Cases are also on sale

please at 22, Essex Street, Strand, W.C.2.

Price 3s., postage 3d.

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REPLIES:--Torold and Turchetil-Hat-wearing customs in the U.S.A.: American conventionalism, 299-E. Campion and John Mychell-Failure of tide on the Dee, 300 Weldon's "Chronological Notes on the English Benedictines'Scratch Dials-Folk-lore of the bramble, 301-. Samuel Knipe Bon Gaultier's 'Book of Ballads': The Rhyme of Launcelot Bogle.' 302 -Novels ahout Colonel Blood-Double Piscinas -"To burn one's boats "-Old Houses in the Strand-Strangers Memorials. 303-Calculation of Ships' tonnage, 304.

THE LIBRARY:-'A series of papers on Shakespeare and the Theatre - Cambridge History of English Literature: General Index '-Calendar of Close Rolls. 1396-1399.

Quarterly Review.

Booksellers' Catalogues.

A Cretan Statuette in the
Fitzwilliam Museum

A Study in Minoan Costume
by A. J. B. WACE.

With 13 plates and 2 text-figures.
Demy 4to. 10s 6d net.

An Early Irish Reader

by N. K. CHADWICK.
Demy 8vo. 6s net.

An Introduction to
Ecclesiastical Latin

by Rev. H. P. V. NUNN. Second edition revised.

6s net.

Gower.

Crown 8vo.

Confessio Amantis,

Selections

With an introduction. Fcap 8vo. 1s 3d. Cambridge Plain Texts.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY

PRESS

FETTER LANE, LONDON, E.C. 4.

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TOTES AND QUERIES is published every Friday, at 20, High Street, High Wycombe, Bucks (Telephone: Wycombe 306). Subscriptions (£2 2s. a year, U.S.A. $10.50, including postage, two half-yearly indexes and two cloth binding cases, or £1 15s. 4d. a year, U.S.A. $9, without binding cases) should be sent to the Manager. The London Office is at 22, Essex Street, W.C.2 (Telephone: Central 0396), where the current issue is on sale. Orders for back numbers, indexes and bound volumes should be sent either to London or to Wycombe; letters for the Editor to the London Office.

Memorabilia.

IN the new Quarterly Review, at p. 228, in Mr. Algernon Cecil's paper on Napoleon and Wellington is quoted a fine story of Wellington which, the writer says, is hardly known except to students, and may be acceptable to our readers. It is taken from Bland Burges's memoirs, and related of Wellington in the Peninsula. An officer dining with Lord Wellington happened to remark that, at a post which he had visited, some of the men were lying out sick and exposed to the inclemency of the climate. At the close of the evening the commander-in-chief summoned his aide-de-camp, rode off thirty miles to the place mentioned, satisfied himself that matters were as had been represented, roused the officer in command, and demanded explan

was

no

ations. He was told that there accommodation for the sick available. His answer was to examine the officers' quarters, to turn their occupants out and to put the invalids in; and he concluded his visit with a warning that, if any officer thenceforward preferred his own comfort to the requirements of sick soldiers under his command he would make an example of him. His orders were sulkily received, and he therefore determined to make sure they were executed. The next night he repeated his ride and his inspection. His suspicions were justified. He found that the officers had resumed their covered quarters and the sick their place in the open

air.

Once more he reversed the conditions, then arrested the offenders, caused them to be tried, and left them to be cashiered."

TH

HE first article in The Library for September, 1927, is by Mr. F. S. Ferguson, about the Relations between London and Edinburgh Printers and Stationers

up to 1640. In proof of the large amount of English printed work that early found its way into Scotland, we have very long lists of English books left by Thomas Bassandyne, who died in 1577, and by Robert Gourlaw, who died in 1585. Mr. Ferguson has found in an old book of his, used as fly-leaves, four leaves of the cash journal of a Scottish retail bookseller of the early seventeenth century, and besides a selection of the more interesting from the later entries he transcribes the first complete day's sales, as thus:

Fryday the 7 of Der [1621] 1 practise of pietie 120 gilt

2.

i thomasius dictioner past [boards] 80 2 1 Ouidij metamor 160

1

epist. 80 @ Cicero selec epist

1 grammar 80

1 virgilius 240

1 barnis (child's] psalme 180 1 doubill catechisme @

singill

1 testament gre[ke] Londi 120 1 paper book of j qz 80 1 practise of pietie clespit 1 ferus in Test [a]mentum folio 1 Thomasius dictioner per past 1 barnis Test [ament] 80 textoris epist j vrsini text 1 barnis Testament 80

WE

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E have received this week the July number of the Quarterly Journal of the New York State Historical Association. In the

first article Mr. Frederick B. Richards discusses the question whether the body of a military man who lies buried in St. Peter's, Albany, N. Y., is or is not that of Lord Howe, the principal argument against this being the long hair. Mr. Meade C. Dobson follows, with illustrations, the pilgrimage made by members of the Historical Committee of the Long Island Chamber of Commerce over the route of Washington's tour of Long Island in 1790.

Mrs. Janet Beroth contributes a long and careful examination of the convention of Saratoga and the infractions thereof committed both by British and Americans. Mr. Henry G. Stratham, in a short but forcible article, suggests the advisability of erecting a separate archives building for state and local records, many priceless old records under present conditions lying in considerable peril from fire and flood. The writer complains that there still exists an impression that old records are next to worthless and merely a great

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