SS COLLAR (cliii. 334, 411). I beg to thank MR. ASKEW for interesting information. He maybe glad to know there is a fine example of a fourteenth century SS collar in the Department of Metalwork at the Victoria and Albert Museum. It is of silver and beautifully worked, has forty-four links and esses, and is an early and perhaps only example.
There are good articles on the Order in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1842.
C. W. Surely DR. J. M. BULLOCH errs when he says that William Sangster is remembered as the introducer of alpaca." Certainly he was the first to use alpaca for covering umbrellas. This was in 1848. Alpaca was first extensively manufactured by Titus (afterwards Sir Titus) Salt, in 1836. Yarn from the wool of the alpaca had been spun in England for the first time in 1806, but it was not valued. Benjamin Green, of Greetland, near Halifax, endeavoured to popularise it in 1830, but unsuccessfully. Perhaps DR. BULLOCH meant his remarks to be confined to umbrella-making.
ENGELBERTUS KEMPFER (cliii. 398, S.V. Two Hundred Years Ago '). There are many of his MSS. in the Sloane collection, including History of Japan,' seventeenth cent. Germ. Hologr. (3060); H. of J.' transl. by J. G. Scheucher, 1727, imperf. (4026 ff. 76-130), and Heads of his Work on J., eighteenth century (3329 f. 80). See Scott's Catal. Sloane MS.' p. 286.
The Dictionary of National Biography, 1912-1921. Edited by H. W. C. Davis and J. R. H. Weaver. (Oxford University Press. £1 18. net.).
IN the Memoir of Sir Sidne the Memoir of Sir Sidney Lee, pre-fixed to 'D. N. B.' Sir
Charles Firth takes occasion to re-tell the story of the inception of the whole work, and restate the original ideals of scope and method. The first volume was published in January, 1885, and the sixty-third and last in October, 1900. In those fifteen years readers observed with satisfaction that the articles contained more and more learning, and while it had not proved possible to carry out the plan of the work exactly upon the scale intended, the work itself preserved consistency and form, with advance in general merit. Two Supplements, each of three volumes, have since appeared, confrom the original scheme, and lives of persons taining lives which by accident had been omitted who had died during the progress of the Dictionary. By the time the Second Supplement was under way these latter included many of the contributors to the Dictionary themselves. And here piety requires us to make mention of Joseph Knight. When in June, 1917, upon dissolution of the firm of Smith, Elder and Co., after the death of Mr. Reginald Smith, the Dictionary went to the University of Oxford, Lee gave up the editorship which he had held since 1891. It is not, therefore, surprising that this new volume, of which Professor H. W. C. Davis and Mr. J. R. H. Weaver are the editors, preformer ones, sents certain differences from differences which in large measure reflect those perceptible in literary work of all sorts since the war. At the foot of a large proportion of the articles appear the words personal knowledge "-a fact which accounts for the frequent, restrained but perceptible, warmth of tone. The neutrality of style conspicuous (if one may so put it) in the Dictionary hitherto, here often gives place, usually without prejudicing brevity, to personal idiom. One change in the biographies of writers we regret; the main Dictionary, at the close of the life, gave systematworks, a feature ically a numbered list of which we have often found of great use. This has been discontinued. It may be conceded that in the case of very voluminous novelwriters not of the first rank it was unnecessary, but we think it might well have been adhered to for scholars, historians and the like.
These nine years, by the inclusion of the four years of war, offer a diversity, a mingling of youth and age, such as no other like span in English history could offer. As the Preface says, those names recorded here of young men who fell a sacrifice for their country, rather illustrate the richness and variety of the hopes centred in that generation than give any measure of the loss. The airmen Ball, and Leefe Robinson and Warneford are here; and though poet or man of science or musician
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Memorabilia.
E have received the December number of
WE Antiquity, with which that review, and we congratulate its editor and promoters upon it-completes its first and successful year. Its readers have collected nearly £300 towards the expenses of excavation at Ur, and now Mr. O. G. S. Crawford is appealing to them for help in securing Stonehenge. The present position there is that the land on which the aerodrome stands has been acquired by the National Trust. Demoli- tion has already begun, and the contractors have undertaken that it shall be complete within a year. The café has still to be dealt with; and the purchase of the threatened land to be completed. It is now revealed that if a public-spirited person had not inter- vened and secured one of the options the land would have been acquired for a factory. Time is getting short; the Avenue field, oppo- site Stonehenge, is still not within the National Trust; the appeal is therefore made urgent. Perhaps the most interesting items under Notes and News' are those concerned with photography from the air. Near Dor- chester (Oxon.) in a large arable field two large circles quite invisible from the ground -have by this means been discovered. Illus- tration is given of the revealing_photograph, taken by Flight-Lieuts. W. E. Purdin and B. T. Hood, and an account of excavation of the circles. From the same batch we are given photographs of certain fields near Dor- chester which bring old field-divisions to light. Among recent events noted in the re- view is the despatch from Bagdad-due to the good offices of the late Gertrude Bell-to
Berlin, of the cases containing the finds of the German excavation of Babylon. Account of them is to be published by the Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft. It is also noted that a rock struck by lightning fell on the road between Visrelles and Chimay in Belgium, laying bare a large Frankish cemetery. The papers in this number are forts of to-day,' by Mr. Algerian Hill- Simpson; M. W. Hilton-
Shewan; The Climate of Pre-historic Bri- Ithaka,' by Mr. Alexander tain,' by Mr. C. E. P. Brooks; Barrows,' by Mr. O. G. S. Crawford; the second instal- ment ( Cycles and Progress') of Mr. R. G. Collingwood's Cycles,' and Mr. William Page's Notes on The Theory of Historical the Types of English Villages and their dis- tribution.' To the general reader probably the article on Ithaka and that on Historical Cycles will prove the most interesting of them.
WE have received vol. xxiv of the Journal edited by our correspondent DR. of the Friends' Historical Society, NORMAN PENNEY. We begin with extracts from the Journal of Margaret B. Harvey in 1809, which give account of this lady's entertain- ment upon a visit from Philadelphia to Ire- land. These are most amusing and instruc- tive pages, giving a picture of modes and manners, with a Quaker lady's view of them, put together in an easy, readable style. article on Anthony Purver is curious. This man, apprenticed to a shoemaker in his youth, was something of a genius, and pos- sessed a memory of such extraordinary vigour that he could learn six chapters of the Bible by heart in an hour. He joined the Society of Friends, and spent most of his life as a school-master, but his claim to our interest is his translation of the Bible. This was com- pleted, after a labour of thirty years, in 1764, a performance never accomplished by any one man before." Under Leading the the Way,' which gives particulars of Quaker inventions, are mentioned James Clark's warm-lined slippers; Edmund Naish's balls instead of skeins of cotton (before the use of reels); Thomas Story's forecast of the dis- covery of stratified geology, and C. Francis Jenkins's recent inventions of a brake appar- atus for aeroplanes and of a device to launch a plane almost instantly on one hundred feet of runway.
INTERESTING on several accounts, and
especially as denoting a certain change of opinion in popular estimate of the romantic
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