Principles of the Manufacture of Iron and Steel: With Some Notes on the Economic Conditions of Their ProductionG. Routledge, 1884 - 744 pages |
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Page 29
... cent . per cent . per cent . * 434 per cent . per cent . ⚫091 * 053 • 915 Cleveland pig ... • 451 * 094 * 095 * 053 1.020 With such results before us as those recorded in the above figures , it is clear that the only question which ...
... cent . per cent . per cent . * 434 per cent . per cent . ⚫091 * 053 • 915 Cleveland pig ... • 451 * 094 * 095 * 053 1.020 With such results before us as those recorded in the above figures , it is clear that the only question which ...
Page 36
... cent . of iron . If this was correct , the sponge should have yielded 90 per cent . of iron - supposing all the metal it contained to be reduced , as was supposed to be the case . But the average composi- tion , as given to me ...
... cent . of iron . If this was correct , the sponge should have yielded 90 per cent . of iron - supposing all the metal it contained to be reduced , as was supposed to be the case . But the average composi- tion , as given to me ...
Page 39
... cent . of iron , and free from the great liability to waste in the subsequent stages of the manufacture . It only contained 074 per cent . of phosphorus , although made from materials which would probably give a pig iron having 1 or ...
... cent . of iron , and free from the great liability to waste in the subsequent stages of the manufacture . It only contained 074 per cent . of phosphorus , although made from materials which would probably give a pig iron having 1 or ...
Page 41
... Cent . Practically nil . Hammered Blooms . Per Cent . 35 Labour Fuel ... ... ... ... ... taken as 100 at least 600 do . 100 150 The question the steel maker has to consider is the extent , if any , of the superiority of malleable iron ...
... Cent . Practically nil . Hammered Blooms . Per Cent . 35 Labour Fuel ... ... ... ... ... taken as 100 at least 600 do . 100 150 The question the steel maker has to consider is the extent , if any , of the superiority of malleable iron ...
Page 43
... cent . of metallic iron ; but only 57 per cent . of rough slabs is obtained at the end of the process , showing a loss of nearly 20 per cent . , or above double that involved in puddling pig metal . The particulars of cost of these ...
... cent . of metallic iron ; but only 57 per cent . of rough slabs is obtained at the end of the process , showing a loss of nearly 20 per cent . , or above double that involved in puddling pig metal . The particulars of cost of these ...
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Common terms and phrases
20 units actual amount anthracite average Belgium Bessemer blast furnace Britain burnt calcined calories carbon as carbonic carbonic acid cent charcoal charge cinder Clarence Cleveland CO₂ coke collieries combustion compared composition considerable consumed consumption contained converter cost cubic feet cwts district Durham earnings employed England escaping gases estimated experience favour figures fixed carbon forge fuel Germany given hearth heat evolved hematite hot blast hydrogen increase Iron and Steel iron trade ironstone labour less lime limestone loss malleable iron manganese manufacture materials matter metallic iron metalloids Middlesbrough mineral mines nitrogen obtained oxide of iron oxygen paid phosphorus pig iron present produced puddling furnace quantity of carbon railway rates raw coal reduced referred silica silicon slag smelting steel rails Sulphur temperature tons Total tuyeres unit of carbon unit of coke United Kingdom units of iron wages weight
Popular passages
Page 39 - A personal and apparently immaterial event produced a revolution of public feeling, for which it would be difficult to find a parallel in the history of English politics.
Page 381 - It is only within the last quarter of a century, that we have...
Page 585 - Britain ;" elsewhere asserting that it would " prove a match for any part of the world in the production of cheap iron.
Page 300 - Birkinbine, editor of the Journal of the United States Association of Charcoal Iron Workers.
Page 489 - So far as my own observation goes, I should say that the...
Page 478 - ... were sugar, salt, coals, candles, soap, shoes, stockings, and generally all articles of clothing and all articles of bedding. It may be added, that the old coats and blankets would have been, not only more costly, but less serviceable than the modern fabrics.
Page 315 - Fuller's earth to the extent of 5 per cent of the weight of the tallow is added and the whole mass agitated about thirty minutes.
Page 478 - Second, was fifty shillings. Bread therefore, such as is now given to the inmates of a workhouse, was then seldom seen, even on the trencher of a yeoman or of a shopkeeper. The great majority of the nation lived almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats.
Page 390 - The nature of the gases evolved during the blowing of a charge of Bessemer steel has recently been investigated by Mr. GJ Snelus, who has given the following tabular statement of the composition of the gas at different periods of a blow lasting eighteen minutes. I.
Page i - Principles of the manufacture of iron and steel, with some notes on the economic condition of their production.