Principles of the Manufacture of Iron and Steel: With Some Notes on the Economic Conditions of Their ProductionG. Routledge, 1884 - 744 pages |
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Page 27
... cwts . of pig ; and two good men did well if they laid 22 cwts . of puddled bars on the bank , for a day's work . In place of this laborious operation , 7 or 8 tons SECTION II . - HISTORICAL . 27 226.
... cwts . of pig ; and two good men did well if they laid 22 cwts . of puddled bars on the bank , for a day's work . In place of this laborious operation , 7 or 8 tons SECTION II . - HISTORICAL . 27 226.
Page 33
... cwts . of this fuel would suffice to reduce 20 cwts . of iron to its metallic state , from a condition of peroxide . It will , however , hereafter be shewn that carbon can carry away from iron more oxygen than that required to form ...
... cwts . of this fuel would suffice to reduce 20 cwts . of iron to its metallic state , from a condition of peroxide . It will , however , hereafter be shewn that carbon can carry away from iron more oxygen than that required to form ...
Page 35
... cwts . of charcoal and 27 cwts . of coal - in all , 35 cwts . This is not so much as is consumed for making Bessemer pig metal ; but , as nearly one - fourth of the quantity is charcoal , the cost will , generally speaking , be ...
... cwts . of charcoal and 27 cwts . of coal - in all , 35 cwts . This is not so much as is consumed for making Bessemer pig metal ; but , as nearly one - fourth of the quantity is charcoal , the cost will , generally speaking , be ...
Page 43
... cwts . of ore at 15s . 13 bushels , say 465 cwts . , charcoal Labour General charges Total ... £ 8. d . ... 1 6 3 4 6 9 ... ... 1 10 0 ... 0 12 6 ... £ 7 15 6 It may be thought , looking at the wasteful mode of its application , that ...
... cwts . of ore at 15s . 13 bushels , say 465 cwts . , charcoal Labour General charges Total ... £ 8. d . ... 1 6 3 4 6 9 ... ... 1 10 0 ... 0 12 6 ... £ 7 15 6 It may be thought , looking at the wasteful mode of its application , that ...
Page 59
... cwts . sufficed per ton of iron , equal therefore to 7:17 cwts . of actual lime . Or again , 14 cwts . of limestone sufficed in furnaces only 48 feet high , which would be equivalent to 7.84 cwts . of pure lime . To maintain the cinder ...
... cwts . sufficed per ton of iron , equal therefore to 7:17 cwts . of actual lime . Or again , 14 cwts . of limestone sufficed in furnaces only 48 feet high , which would be equivalent to 7.84 cwts . of pure lime . To maintain the cinder ...
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Common terms and phrases
20 units actual amount anthracite average Belgium Bessemer blast furnace Britain burnt calcined calories carbon as carbonic carbonic acid cent charcoal charge cinder Clarence Cleveland CO₂ coke collieries combustion compared composition considerable consumed consumption contained converter cost cubic feet cwts district Durham earnings employed England escaping gases estimated experience favour figures fixed carbon forge fuel Germany given hearth heat evolved hematite hot blast hydrogen increase Iron and Steel iron trade ironstone labour less lime limestone loss malleable iron manganese manufacture materials matter metallic iron metalloids Middlesbrough mineral mines nitrogen obtained oxide of iron oxygen paid phosphorus pig iron present produced puddling furnace quantity of carbon railway rates raw coal reduced referred silica silicon slag smelting steel rails Sulphur temperature tons Total tuyeres unit of carbon unit of coke United Kingdom units of iron wages weight
Popular passages
Page 39 - A personal and apparently immaterial event produced a revolution of public feeling, for which it would be difficult to find a parallel in the history of English politics.
Page 381 - It is only within the last quarter of a century, that we have...
Page 585 - Britain ;" elsewhere asserting that it would " prove a match for any part of the world in the production of cheap iron.
Page 300 - Birkinbine, editor of the Journal of the United States Association of Charcoal Iron Workers.
Page 489 - So far as my own observation goes, I should say that the...
Page 478 - ... were sugar, salt, coals, candles, soap, shoes, stockings, and generally all articles of clothing and all articles of bedding. It may be added, that the old coats and blankets would have been, not only more costly, but less serviceable than the modern fabrics.
Page 315 - Fuller's earth to the extent of 5 per cent of the weight of the tallow is added and the whole mass agitated about thirty minutes.
Page 478 - Second, was fifty shillings. Bread therefore, such as is now given to the inmates of a workhouse, was then seldom seen, even on the trencher of a yeoman or of a shopkeeper. The great majority of the nation lived almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats.
Page 390 - The nature of the gases evolved during the blowing of a charge of Bessemer steel has recently been investigated by Mr. GJ Snelus, who has given the following tabular statement of the composition of the gas at different periods of a blow lasting eighteen minutes. I.
Page i - Principles of the manufacture of iron and steel, with some notes on the economic condition of their production.