Principles of the Manufacture of Iron and Steel: With Some Notes on the Economic Conditions of Their ProductionG. Routledge, 1884 - 744 pages |
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Page 26
... weight of the work which could be undertaken . No hammer exceeded a few tons in weight , and of this only a very small portion was effective in giving the blow , the height of which never exceeded 3 or 4 feet . The peculiarity of ...
... weight of the work which could be undertaken . No hammer exceeded a few tons in weight , and of this only a very small portion was effective in giving the blow , the height of which never exceeded 3 or 4 feet . The peculiarity of ...
Page 30
... weight of charcoal is used , and half the iron contained in the ore is lost . In reheating the crude lump for forging into a bar , one half its weight is wasted , and again there is a considerable expenditure of charcoal . We are ...
... weight of charcoal is used , and half the iron contained in the ore is lost . In reheating the crude lump for forging into a bar , one half its weight is wasted , and again there is a considerable expenditure of charcoal . We are ...
Page 35
... weight of fuel consumed , per ton of sponge made , was stated to be about 8 cwts . of charcoal and 27 cwts . of coal - in all , 35 cwts . This is not so much as is consumed for making Bessemer pig metal ; but , as nearly one - fourth of ...
... weight of fuel consumed , per ton of sponge made , was stated to be about 8 cwts . of charcoal and 27 cwts . of coal - in all , 35 cwts . This is not so much as is consumed for making Bessemer pig metal ; but , as nearly one - fourth of ...
Page 40
... weight referred to above is to be treated in a range of furnaces , each of which occupies four and a half hours in the reduction of 20 cwts . of ore , according to the weights given by Professor Tunner . A large area of ground would ...
... weight referred to above is to be treated in a range of furnaces , each of which occupies four and a half hours in the reduction of 20 cwts . of ore , according to the weights given by Professor Tunner . A large area of ground would ...
Page 41
... weight in blooms . In the matter of fuel , according to the authority already quoted , no less than 4 tons were being consumed per ton of hammered iron ob- tained ; but for the purpose of comparing its cost with that of pig iron we will ...
... weight in blooms . In the matter of fuel , according to the authority already quoted , no less than 4 tons were being consumed per ton of hammered iron ob- tained ; but for the purpose of comparing its cost with that of pig iron we will ...
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Common terms and phrases
20 units actual amount anthracite average Belgium Bessemer blast furnace Britain burnt calcined calories carbon as carbonic carbonic acid cent charcoal charge cinder Clarence Cleveland CO₂ coke collieries combustion compared composition considerable consumed consumption contained converter cost cubic feet cwts district Durham earnings employed England escaping gases estimated experience favour figures fixed carbon forge fuel Germany given hearth heat evolved hematite hot blast hydrogen increase Iron and Steel iron trade ironstone labour less lime limestone loss malleable iron manganese manufacture materials matter metallic iron metalloids Middlesbrough mineral mines nitrogen obtained oxide of iron oxygen paid phosphorus pig iron present produced puddling furnace quantity of carbon railway rates raw coal reduced referred silica silicon slag smelting steel rails Sulphur temperature tons Total tuyeres unit of carbon unit of coke United Kingdom units of iron wages weight
Popular passages
Page 39 - A personal and apparently immaterial event produced a revolution of public feeling, for which it would be difficult to find a parallel in the history of English politics.
Page 381 - It is only within the last quarter of a century, that we have...
Page 585 - Britain ;" elsewhere asserting that it would " prove a match for any part of the world in the production of cheap iron.
Page 300 - Birkinbine, editor of the Journal of the United States Association of Charcoal Iron Workers.
Page 489 - So far as my own observation goes, I should say that the...
Page 478 - ... were sugar, salt, coals, candles, soap, shoes, stockings, and generally all articles of clothing and all articles of bedding. It may be added, that the old coats and blankets would have been, not only more costly, but less serviceable than the modern fabrics.
Page 315 - Fuller's earth to the extent of 5 per cent of the weight of the tallow is added and the whole mass agitated about thirty minutes.
Page 478 - Second, was fifty shillings. Bread therefore, such as is now given to the inmates of a workhouse, was then seldom seen, even on the trencher of a yeoman or of a shopkeeper. The great majority of the nation lived almost entirely on rye, barley, and oats.
Page 390 - The nature of the gases evolved during the blowing of a charge of Bessemer steel has recently been investigated by Mr. GJ Snelus, who has given the following tabular statement of the composition of the gas at different periods of a blow lasting eighteen minutes. I.
Page i - Principles of the manufacture of iron and steel, with some notes on the economic condition of their production.