make the Bank pay in specie at the end of two years, from 1811. This faction proposed the passing of a law to compel the Bank to pay at the end of two years. The in-faction resisted this, and said, that, though the Bank had ample means, it would be unwise to suffer it to pay, as long as "the tyrant of Europe had the power to disturb all the relationships of Commerce." When peace came, they said, all would put itself to rights again. Then the gold would return as a matter of course... I exposed the folly of this ex-pectation... I proved that it was impossible that the expectation should be realized. I was treated by many as a dreamer. I was, however, convinced that time would confirm all that I had said; and, in that conviction, I enjoyed myself exceedingly, I never enjoyed better health, better spirits, or greater pleasure, than in that prison, in which the Borough tyrants expected me to go mad, pine myself to death, die of contagion, or cut my throat. I had the pleasure to reflect, that I was striking my bloody, ferocious tyrants in their tender part. Call this revengeful if they choose. A pretty doctrine, indeed, is this doctrine of forgiveness. It is cooked up › for our use; for the tyrants never use it. Their forgiveness is only a mitigated vengeance. They rob us, and, if we so much as murmer, they scourge us. They compel us to come forth and bear arms in defence of what they call the country; they flog us if we be guilty of a breach of military discipline; they take from us more than the half of our earnings; they deny us any right to choose those who make the laws: and, if we complain, they shut us up in dungeons and keep us there as long as they please in despite of all the laws of the land. This is the manner in which you are treated. Being again at liberty, you publicly threatened vengeance. This was your crime; and now, by the decision of a Special Jury, you are to endure two years more of imprisonment. And this, even this, you are to forgive! Blistered be the tongue that counsels you to such a course! You are young men, and, if you be prudent, vengeance you will have e; and, as to what will be prudence on your part I now take the liberty to offer you my opinion, Coolness, patience, sobriety; above all things sobriety. These are necessary even to your health. No man living is more impatient than I, under the suffering of wrong, intentionally done me. The wrong which I felt, when sent to Newgate, was great, very great in itself; but, besides this, it was accompanied with so many provoking circumstances, that, perhaps, no wrong was ever calculated to produce so deep and lasting impression. I did not swear vengeance; I made po cows. I To be revenged on the barbarous, base, cowardly, hypocritical ruffians, became instantly an object 1 with me that swallowed up all others. And, was not this right? What would there be to check powerful tyrants, if their victims were to suffer contentedly? Was it not the just vengeance of the oppressed that drove the tyrannical nobles and bloody clergy from France ? What but just vengeance was it that drove James the 2nd from England? And, observe, too, that, in this case, the sins of the father were visited upon the children from generation to generation. Why, then, are we not to think of revenge? But, though to seek vengeance became the main object of my life, I did not fly out into vain threats and clamorous curses. I kept my self cool; I calculated patiently upon a ten or twenty years war against the ruffians. That meIancholy, mean fellow, Doeron JOHNSON, observes, that when à man plants a tree, he begins to think of dying. If this were the fact, is that to prevent the planting of trees? I have been planting of trees in every spot that I have ever occupied, all my life time; and I am now collecting seeds of trees to carry home, and to sow in England next spring. I expect to sit under the shade of the trees, which these seeds will produce; and, if I only see them six inches high, have I not the enjoyment of so much of them? So, in seeking justice on our oppressors: if we die before we have obtained that justice, we enjoy, in the meanwhile, the blows we inflict on them. We enjoy their fears, their embarrassments, their disgrace, their infamy. The ruffian band are now writhing under my blows, given a few months after I was in my prison. I have been dealing them blows from that day to this. All my plans in private life; all my pursuits; all my designs, wishes, and thoughts, have this one great object in view : the overthrow of the ruffian Boroughmongers. If I write grammars, if I write on agriculture; if I sow, plant, or deal in seeds; whatever I do has first in view the destruction of those infamous tyrants. But, as I said before, I keep myself in good humour. I keep steadily on. If events move slower than I could wish, I labour more sedulously to accelerate their pace. This is what I advise you to do. Sobriety is the first thing; for, without that there can be no healthy body and no sound mind. In the midst of a society, where wine and spirits are considered as of little more value than water, I have lived two years without either, and with no other drink but water, except when I have found it convenient to obtain milk. Not an hour's illness; not a head-ache for an hour; not the smallest ailment; not a restless night; not a drowsy morning have Iknown, during these two famous years of my life. The sun never rises before me. I have always to wait for him to come and give me fight to write by, while my mind is in full vigour and while nothing | "able most effectually to annoy has come to cloud its clearness." the tyrants? By my pen, comAt this very moment that I am" bined with my other means. writing to you, it is not eight "How shall I qualify myself, to o'clock, and I have written thus" use my pen with effect? By far before my breakfast, having" knowing how to write correctly. employed, too, a quarter of an "How shall I get that knowhour in giving directions to my "ledge? By learning Grammar. "Therefore I will learn Gram"mar." men. Do this, and you will, at the end of the two years, be a great deal more formidable to the ruffians than you were when they seized hold of you. Besides, you will find, in this study, a source of continual amusement and encouragement. At every stage of your progress, you will feel yourselves more a match for your oppressors; and, long before the close of your studies, you will despise the ruffians even more than you hate them. You have long All the plans for husbanding our time, are folly, without sobriety. Without sobriety we cannot be industrious; and, without industry, we are no terror to our tyrants. You see what embarrassment the villains are now in. You see how they are puzzled to invent new lies, in order to hide the fact of their irrevokable insolvency. They are at their wit's end. And, what a satisfaction is it to me to reflect, that it is I who have, more than all other men put together, brought them into this state! Very few days of my life have been un-lives yet to live. You are placed happy; but, if I were not to be happy now, how could I ever be happy? All this I owe to my sobriely; and, therefore, let me ex-men, famous in the annals of Enghort you to be sober. You are, I hope; but I am sure you will excuse me for pressing on you the necessity of sobriety. aloft by your sufferings. You start from the most favourable point. And you may, if you will, become land. But, without literary talent, you will be able to do little. Mr. Johnson's pistol was a good thing; but a pen is a great deal better and the pen you cannot use with effect, without acquired knowledge. To repine, to revile, to storm, are of no real use. Sailors, in a gale, do not curse the winds and the waves. They mount the yards, reef the sails, lower the masts, and patiently wait the moment when they dare rehoist and un sphere of exertion. Before they imprisoned me, I was now and then tempted to drink wine and prisonment, sometimes drank ale and porter. But, since their dungeon Bill, milk-and-water, or water alone, has been my drink.' When I rise in the morning, while others lie snoring; when I per furl. This must be your way of proceeding, if you mean to arrive safe at the end of your voyage. To execrate the tyrants is right spirits and water. I, after the imfitting; but, without exertion against them, execration is folly in the extreme. Say little, think much, and be constantly at work cultivating your minds, that you may be able to inflict vengeance on the oppressors of your country.ceive how much younger I look, I, who am old enough, proba- how much stronger I am, and how bly, to be the father of you, never much nimbler I move, than men despair. Nothing that does not in general who are many years tie my hands, or take my health younger than I; when I think of from me, can make me slacken my my ability to encounter labour in efforts in the war against our vil- the fields, and of the sound sleep lains. The difficulties that I have which I enjoy on a bed and pillow had to struggle with, in order to of straw; when I see others, and carry on this war, are not to be young men too, detained at home described. But, they have never by foul weather, or muffled up in disheartened me for one single order to venture out in it, while I moment. I have often been in a care for neither heat, wet, nor state to make it a question with cold: when under any of these me whether, or not, it was proba- circumstances, I always bear in ble that I should end my days in mind, that this happy habit and the capacity of a gardener, or this iron constitution have been, common labourer; for, under such in a greater measure, the effects an infernal system no man can of my anxious desire to inflict count upon any thing as a provi- vengeance on our country's foes. sion for age or sickness. But, I have, lately, met with an accinever did it occur to me to desist dent" from fire. The house, in from the strife, in order to insure which I lived, was burnt down. even bread to eat. My hatred of This threw me out for a month. the Borough villains, and my I should have gone to New York, anxious desire to assist in the in- and remained there till the time fliction of vengeance on them, of my departure for England. have made me more and more But, when I considered the interrigid as to sobriety and abstemious-ruptions which such a removal ness. At every stage of their op pressions I have become more and more careful to avoid any thing that might tend to narrow my would occasion, and when I thought of the injury that thêse and the air of a city might be to my literary labours; I resolved Now, it appears to me, that you are nearly as well situated as I am for mental exertion. You cannot go out of your prison, and I never want to stir from my tent. Resolve to study; resolve to become able to obtain revenge; and revenge you will obtain. on making a sort of thatched tent, TIERNEY. I gave him some bain which I might enjoy tranquillity con, and cabbage and dumplin ; and in which I might labour with- and we toasted The Debt in milkout intermission. From this tent, and-water. made of poles, thatch, and English news-papers, I now have the honour to address you. Happiness never depends upon mere place. It depends little more on food or raiment. My diet all comes from my own fields, and my cow is my vintner and brewer. I am asleep on my straw by nine o'clock, and I am in my orchard before four o'clock. Yet, who can be hap-gallows foot, ought to envy. In pier! My mind is, for the far greater part of my time, in England. And I have the infinite satisfaction to see, that I have, from this distance, stricken blows which have made the tyrants half distracted. A young man, from England, who came, a few days ago, to ask my advice, and who had just arrived from England, exclaimed, upon seeing my gypsie-like habitation: "Only think of papers be ing written in this place, and at “such a distance, to produce so "much effect upon the English "nation!" "Oh! said I, England "is just on the other side of that "Plain, there. A ship is always "ready to carry the papers. And "as to this tent, it is not the tent, "but my head, which produces "the papers, which you have "been so kind and partial as to "admire." I showed him the fine umbrageous Walnut tree, under which I wrote the letter, last summer, to the old battered hack, The situation of our tyrants is now such as no one, not at the spite of all the falsehoods, which their prime tools put forth, the distresses of their slaves go on regularly increasing. You are deceived if you suppose, that I want proofs of this. These proofs are the daily arrivals of farmers and labourers from England. Within the last twelve months, upwards of a hundred and fifty thousand have landed from England to settle here. My family consists of an English woman, an English girl, an English boy, and three young Englishmen. They are all excellent servants. The men receive each twelve dollars a month, with board, lodging, and washing found them. The same men to e could not now obtain, in England, |