Hawthorne's Divided Loyalties: England and America in His Works

actual aesthetic American ancestors appears aristocratic artist associated beauty become begins believe Boston British cause century chair chapter character Charles Church Civil colonial connection consider continuity criticism Cross cultural Custom House death democratic doubt early Endicott England English especially Esther evidence experience expressed fact father feel figure finally finds give Governor Grandfather Grandfather's Gray hand Hawthorne Hawthorne's heart Hester Hutchinson imagined influence Italy John King Lady later legend less Major Massachusetts Merry mind moral narrator Nathaniel Hawthorne nature never offers Old Manse Old World once original Oxford past patriotic perhaps period political present Province Puritan Quakers reading relation represents response result Revolutionary Romance Salem says Scarlet Letter scene seems sense setting side sources spirit story Studies suggests surely symbol tale tion tradition typological values Whole writing York young