and patrons, were condemned as heretics: and in reading of it, they were asked whether they would turn or no, and they bade them read on in the name of God, for they were not minded to turn. So were they condemned all three.

After which, sentence of condemnation being awarded against them, they answered again every one in their turn, in manner and effect of words, as followeth, the Archbishop first beginning thus. The Archbishop of Canterbury.

From this your judgment and sentence, I appeal to the just judgment of God Almighty, trusting to be present with him in heaven, for whose presence in the altar, I am thus condemned.

Dr. Ridley.

Although I be not of your company, yet doubt not I but my name is written in another place, whither this sentence will send us sooner, than we should by the course of nature have come."

Master Latimer.

I thank God most heartily, that he hath prolonged my life to this end, that I may in this case glorify God by that kind of death.

Doctor Weston's Answer unto Latimer. If you go to heaven in this faith, then I will never come thither, as I am thus persuaded.

After the sentence pronounced, they were separated one from another, viz.* the Archbishop was

*The following additional paper was written by Bishop Ridley at this time, and is taken from Bishop Coverdale's Epistles of the Martyrs, ed. 1564.

Know, gentle reader, that Master Prolocutor did promise me in the disputations publicly, that I should see mine answers, how they were collected and gathered of the notaries, and that I should have license to add or diminish, to alter or change after

4

returned to Bocardo, Dr. Ridley was carried to the Sheriff's house, Master Latimer to the Bailiff's.

ward, as I should think best would make for me to the answering of the propositions. He promised moreover publicly, that I should have both time and place for me to bring in frankly all that I could for the confirmations of mine answers.

Now, when he had promised all these things openly in the hearing of other commissioners and of the whole university of Oxford, yet, good reader, mark this, that in very deed he performed nothing of all this he promised. What faith then shail a man look to find at such judges' hands in the secret mysteries of God, which in their promises so openly made, and so justly due (I will not speak of the witnesses of the matter), are found to be so faithless both to God and man? Well, I will leave it to the judgment of the wise.

And now for that is left for us to do, let us pray that God would have mercy on his church of England, that yet once, when it shall be his good pleasure, it may clearly see and greedily embrace, in the face of Jesus Christ, the will of the heavenly Father; and that of his infinite mercy, he would either turn to him the raging and ravening wolves, and most subtle seducers of his people, which are by them altogether spoiled and bewitched or, that of his most righteous judgment, he would drive these faithless feeders from his flock, that they may no more be able to trouble and scatter abroad Christ's sheep from their shepherd, and that speedily: Amen, Amen. And let every one that hath the spirit, as St. John saith, say, Amen.

Yet further know thou, that when Master Prolocutor did put forth three propositions, he did command us to answer particularly to them all. After our answers, neither he, nor his fellows, did ever enter into any disputations of any one of them, saving only of the first. Yea, when that he had asked us after disputations of the first, as ye have heard for my part, whether we would subscribe to the whole, in such sort, form and words, as there are set forth, without further disputation, which thing we denied, by and by he gave sentence against us all that is, against me, Dr. Cranmer, and Dr. Latimer, my most dear fathers and brethren in Christ, condemning us for heinous heretics concerning every one of these propositions.

And so he separated us one from another, sending us severally into sundry and divers houses, to be kept most secretly to the day of our burning, and as before so still commanded that all and every one of our servants should be kept from us; whereto be added, that at his departure thence, pen, ink, and paper should depart from us also. But thanks be to God that gave me

On Saturday following, they had a mass with a general procession and great solemnity. Dr. Cranmer was caused to behold the procession out of Bocardo, Dr. Ridley out of the Sheriff's house. Latimer also being brought to see it, from the Bailiff's house, thought that he should have gone to burning, and spake to one Augustin Cooper, a catchpole, to make a quick fire. But when he came to Carfax, and saw the matter, he ran as fast as his old bones would carry him, to one Spenser's shop, and would not look towards it. Last of all, Dr. Weston carried the sacrament, and four doctors carried the canopy over him.

In the mean season upon the 15th day in the morning, and the same year abovesaid, the Bishop of Glocester, Dr. Brook, and the Vice-chancellor of Oxford, Dr. Marshal, with divers others of the chief and heads of the same university, and many other more accompanying them, came unto Master Irish his house, then Mayor of Oxford, where Dr. Ridley, late Bishop of London, was close prisoner. And when the Bishop of Glocester came unto the chamber where the said Dr. Ridley did lie, he told him for what purpose their coming was unto him, saying, that yet once again the Queen's Majesty did offer unto him by them, her gracious mercy, if that he would receive the same, and come home again to the faith, which he was baptized in, and revoke his erroneous doctrine that he of late had taught abroad

to write this, before the use of such things were utterly taken away.

Almighty God, which beholdeth the causes of the afflicted, and is wont to loose and look mercifully on the bonds and groanings of the captives, vouchsafe now to look upon the causes of his poor church in England, and of his great wisdom, and unspeakable mercy, with speed to make an end of our misery. Amen, Amen, Amen. (Page 112.)

to the destruction of many. And further said, that if he would not recant, and become one of the Catholic church with them, then they must needs (against their wills) proceed according to the law; which they would be very loath to do, if they might otherwise. But, saith he, "We have been oftentimes with you, and have requested that you would recant this your fantastical and devilish opinion, where hitherto you have not, although you might in so doing win many, and do much good. Therefore, good Master Ridley, consider with yourself the danger, that shall ensue both of body and soul, if that you shall so wilfully cast yourself away in refusing mercy offered unto you at this time."

My Lord," quoth Dr. Ridley, " you know my mind fully herein: and as for the doctrine, which I have taught, my conscience assureth me, that it was sound and according to God's word (to his glory be it spoken); the which doctrine, the Lord God being my helper, I will maintain so long as my tongue shall wag, and breath is within my body, and in confirmation thereof, seal the same with my blood."

Brook. Well, you were best, Master Ridley, not to do so, but to become one of the church with us. For you know this well enough, that whosoever is out of the Catholic church, cannot be saved; therefore, I say once again, that whilst you have time and mercy offered you, receive it, and confess with us the Pope's Holiness to be the chief head of the same church.

Ridley. I marvel, that you will trouble me with any such vain and foolish talk. You know my mind concerning the usurped authority of the Romish antichrist. As I confessed openly in the schools, so do I now, that both by my behaviour and talk I do no obedience at all unto the Bishop of Rome,

nor to his usurped authority, and that for divers good and godly considerations.

And here Dr. Ridley would have reasoned with the said Brook, Bishop of Glocester, of the Bishop of Rome's authority, but could not be suffered, and yet he spake so earnestly against the Pope therein, that the Bishop told him, if he would not hold his peace, he should be compelled against his will. "And seeing," saith he, "that you will not receive the Queen's mercy, now offered unto you, but stubbornly refuse the same, we must, against our wills, proceed, according to our commission, to degrading, taking from you the dignity of priesthood. For we take you for no Bishop, and therefore we will the sooner have done with you: so committing you to the secular power, you know what doth follow." Ridley. Do with me, as it shall please God to Buffer you; I am well content to abide the same with all my heart.

Brook. Put off your cap, Master Ridley, and put upon you this surplice.

Ridley. Not I truly.

Brook. But you must.

Ridley. I will not.

Brook. You must therefore make no more ado, but put this surplice upon you.

Ridley. Truly, if it come upon me, it shall be against my will.

Brook. Will you not do it upon you?
Ridley. No, that I will not.

Brook. It shall be put upon you by one or other. Ridley. Do therein, as it pleaseth you; I am well contented with that, and more than that: the servant is not above his master. If they dealt so cruelly with our Saviour Christ, as the Scripture maketh mention, and he suffered the same patiently, how much more doth it become us his servants?