Fee.

recommendation of one of the judges of one of the courts named above in this section as to character, education and ability, and a certified copy of the certificates, affidavits and other papers not including examination questions and answers which were submitted upon his application for admission in such aforesaid state or territory. He shall pay to said board at the time of filing his application the same fee required by other applicants under this chapter. On the filing of such Investigation application, together with such recommendation, such Board into qualifiof Examiners shall make an independent investigation into the cations. qualifications of such applicant, mental and moral, and his standing as a citizen and an attorney in the state or territory in which he was so admitted to practice law, and if the board is satisfied that the applicant has been so admitted and is licensed to practice in such court or courts above mentioned and is of good moral character and has practiced law for three years prior to the filing of such application and possesses the qualifications as to general education and good moral character required for the practice of law in this State as provided in section fifty-three of this chapter, such board shall certify its findings to the supreme court of this State, and the supreme court may, in its discretion, on the filing of such certificate of such Board of Examiners and on motion made by some member of the bar of said court, if said supreme court is satisfied as to the qualifications of such applicant, admit him to the general practice of law in all the courts of this State.

Certification of findings.

Board of law examiners.

Meetings.

SEC. 51. There shall be a Board of Law Examiners, consisting of five members, to be constituted as follows: The Governor shall on the nomination by the supreme court and Appointment. on or before the first day of July in each year appoint a member of said board for the term of five years. The Board of Examiners now in existence shall continue and the terms of the members thereof shall expire as provided in the act under which they were severally appointed. Such board shall meet at the capitol, in the city of Lansing, at least once in each year during the session of the supreme court, and also at other times and places in the State, if the supreme court shall so Examinations. direct, for the purpose of examining all applicants for admission to the bar as to their general education, legal learning and general qualifications to practice in the several courts of this State as attorneys and counselors, and upon such examination being had, the board shall issue to each of the apCertificate of plicants who shall pass the required examination a certificate of qualification stating his standing and recommending his admission to the bar. Such board shall elect from its members a secretary and a treasurer, and shall make rules and regulations relative to such examination and to the conduct and performance of its duties under this chapter, which rules shall take effect upon approval by the supreme court. The president of said board shall be the member whose term of office shall first expire. Three members of the board shall

qualification.

Secretary, etc. Rules.

President.

Quorum.

The

constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. present rules of the board shall remain in effect until altered as provided herein.

be admitted.

admission in

SEC. 52. Any person of legal age, who is a resident and Who may citizen of the United States, who has had the general education prescribed in section fifty-three of this chapter and who is of good moral character, may be admitted to practice as an attorney and counselor in all the courts of record of this State on motion made in the supreme court or any circuit court of the State, but the applicant shall first produce the certificate provided for in section fifty-one of this chapter, from the board of examiners, that he possesses sufficient learning in the law, good moral character and ability to enable him to properly practice as an attorney and counselor in the courts. of this State: Provided, That in case of admission to practice Proviso, by the circuit court the clerk of said court shall forthwith circuit court. send a transcript of the record of such admission to the clerk of the supreme court, whose duty it shall be to enter the name of the attorney so admitted on the roll of attorneys of said court. No person shall be entitled to practice as an at- License torney and counselor in this State until he shall be licensed required. to do so by said courts. No person shall be denied admission Sex. to practice as an attorney and counselor on account of sex. SEC. 53. Satisfactory evidence, as prescribed by the rules Requirements of the Board of Examiners, shall be produced by the applicant of his name, residence, citizenship, good moral character and the possession of a general education including the completion of a four years' high school course, or equivalent work, and that he has been a resident student for the period of three years in a duly incorporated college or university organized under the laws of this or any other state, or four years in a law office under the supervision of a reputable attorney in good standing, who shall prescribe and direct the course of study of such applicant, examining him at regular intervals and certifying as to the work done, the books studied and the proficiency attained by the applicant. A fee to be fixed by a Fee. rule of the board of not more than fifteen dollars shall ac

to practice

for admission.

General

company the application. Proof of the possession of the gen- education. eral education herein before prescribed may be made by presenting a diploma of graduation from the liberal arts or corresponding department of any reputable college or university, or of a State normal school of this State, or of a high school of this State requiring four years' course including at least fifteen units of work of the high school grade, or of a reputable institution of similar character and with equivalent requirements of this or any other State. Graduates of Graduates of reputable law schools (or others who have completed the regular course of study in such schools) requiring a three years' course for graduation and a four years' high school course, or its equivalent, for admission, may in lieu of the foregoing certificates present a certificate from the law school from which the applicant has been graduated, which certifi

law schools.

by board.

Subjects.

Study with attorney.

Proviso. graduate of certain schools.

Further proviso, high school course, deficiency.

Examination

papers, etc.

Re-examina

tion.

Fees.

cate shall show in detail the high school work, or its equivalent, upon which said applicant was admitted to said law school, or that the applicant before admission was examined by said law school as to his preliminary education, and that the same was found upon such examination to be in fact equal to four years' high school course or its equivalent. The applicant shall be required to submit to a written examination prepared by said board, and also to such oral examination as the board may think proper. The subjects upon which applicants shall be examined shall be determined and published by the said Board of Law Examiners, who shall also make and publish rules and regulations concerning the conduct of said examination and the scholarship grades to be obtained. No person who has not completed the regular course of study of a reputable law school with a three years' course shall be eligible to the examinations for admission to the bar, unless at least four years before he takes such examinations he has filed with the secretary of the Board of Law Examiners a statement supported by his affidavit, and that of the attorney under whom he proposes to study, to the effect that he is beginning the study of law with said preceptor, giving the name and address of the same, and that he proposes to apply for admission to the bar when eligible: Provided, That any person actually enrolled in the department of law of the University of Michigan, Detroit College of Law or the law Department of the University of Detroit prior to the fifteenth day of August, nineteen hundred thirteen, and who shall have completed the full prescribed law course in and have been graduated from the law department of any of the above mentioned institutions shall be admitted to practice at the bar of all the courts of this State upon the production of a diploma authenticated by the proper officers and duly sealed by the said University of Michigan, Detroit College of Law or the University of Detroit: Provided further, That a student may enter any reputable law school without credits for a full high school course or its equivalent if he is deficient not more than twenty-five per cent of such high school course or its equivalent, and he makes up such deficiency before the beginning of the third year of his law course.

SEC. 54. The examination papers shall be kept on file in the office of the secretary of the board, and a record of such application and the name of the applicant and his qualifications and general standing as ascertained by each examination, and the secretary of the board shall furnish each applicant with a card, showing the proficiency he has attained in each branch or subject upon which he has been examined, whether a certificate is issued or not. Any applicant failing to pass the examination may again apply after six months by showing to the board that he has diligently pursued the study of law six months prior to the examination, and he shall not be required to pay an extra fee for the second examination. For each subsequent examination the applicant shall pay to the

said board a fee of ten dollars. No person shall be eligible to more than three examinations within a period of three years.

SEC. 55. The Board of Examiners shall receive as compensa- Compensation tion for their services twenty-five dollars per day for the time of board. actually spent and their necessary expenses incurred in the discharge of their duties as examiners in going to, holding and returning from such examinations; and the other necessary expenses of the board shall also be paid, all to be audited Expenses. and certified by the clerk or one of the justices of the supreme court: Provided, however, That all compensation for services or expenses of the members of the board shall not exceed of expense. the amount received as fees from applicants. Any excess of Disposition fees received from applicants over the amount necessary to of excess. pay any sums for the future compensation and expenses of the members of said board and the expenses of said board, shall be turned into the State treasury by the treasurer of said board on the first day of July of each year.

Proviso, limit

SEC. 56. Every person admitted to practice as an attorney Oath of office. and counselor shall take the constitutional oath of office in open court, and subscribe the same in a roll or book to be kept by the clerk for that purpose.

practice.

SEC. 57. Every person licensed to practice as an attorney Where may and counselor in the supreme court, shall be authorized to practice in every court of law in this State.

suspension.

SEC. 58. Attorneys and counselors may be removed or Removal or suspended by the supreme or circuit courts in which they shall be authorized to practice.

SEC. 59. Any attorney and counselor may be removed or Causes. suspended, who shall be guilty of any deceit, malpractice, crime or misdemeanor; but not until a copy of the charges Charges. against him shall have been delivered to him by the clerk of the court in which the proceedings shall be had, and an opportunity shall have been given to him to be heard in his defense.

removal or

Penalty for

SEC. 60. The removal or suspension of any attorney and Effect of counselor by any court of competent jurisdiction, shall operate suspension. as a removal or suspension in every court of this State, and any person so removed or suspended, who shall, while such disability exists, hold himself out to the public or represent himself to any person as authorized to practice in any of the courts of this State, or who shall practice or attempt to prac- practicing. tice, or appear as attorney or counselor for any party other than himself in any of said courts, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail not more than three months, or by both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the

court.

practice with

SEC. 61. It shall be unlawful for any person who is not Unlawful to a regularly licensed attorney and counselor of this State, or out license. who is suspended or disbarred from practice, to represent

Proviso, attorneys of other states.

Penalty.

Death, etc., of attorney.

Deceit, etc.. by attorney.

Penalty,

Delay of suit.

Process not to be made out in attorney's name, etc.

Purchase of note, etc., to sue.

Penalty.

himself as an attorney at law, or to use any sign, letter head, return envelope, or writing, printing or advertising of any kind whatever in or by which he designates or represents his place of business as a law office or himself as a lawyer, attorney at law, counselor, or in any way represent to the public that he is an attorney at law, or his place of business a law office; or to make any representations to any person or persons, either spoken or written, intended to lead such person or persons to believe that the person making such representations is an attorney at law: Provided, That this section shall not apply to licensed attorneys of other states while temporarily in this State.

SEC. 62. Any person violating the provisions of the preceding section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty dollars and not more than five hundred dollars and costs of prosecution, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not exceeding six months, or by both such fine. and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court.

SEC. 63. When an attorney shall die, be removed or suspended, or cease to act as such, the person for whom he was acting shall be notified to appoint another attorney at least thirty days before any proceeding shall be had against such person, in the matter wherein such attorney was acting for him.

SEC. 64. Any attorney or counselor who shall be guilty of any deceit or collusion, or shall consent to any deceit or collusion, with intent to deceive the court or any party, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction shall be punished by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding six months, or both, in the discretion of the court, and shall also be liable to the party injured by such deceit or collusion, in treble damages sustained, to be recovered in a civil action.

SEC. 65. If any attorney or counselor shall wilfully delay his client's suit, with a view to his own gain, or shall wilfully receive any money or allowance for, or on account of any money which he has not laid out or become accountable for, he shall be liable to the party injured in treble damages.

SEC. 66. If any attorney shall knowingly permit any person, not being his general law partner or a clerk in his office, to sue out any process, or to prosecute or defend any action in his name, such attorney, and every person who shall so use the name of any attorney, shall severally be liable to the party against whom such process was sued out, or such action prosecuted or defended, in the sum of fifty dollars damages. SEC. 67. No attorney or counselor shall, directly or indirectly, buy, or be in any manner interested in buying, any bond, promissory note, bill of exchange, book debt or other thing in action, with the intent and for the purpose of bringing any suit thereon.

SEC. 68. Every attorney or counselor who shall violate the