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tively trapped, except where a sink and wash-tub immediately join each other, in which case the waste-pipe from the tubs may be connected with the inlet side of the sink trap; in such a case the tub waste-pipe is not required to be separately trapped.

RULE 24. Traps must be placed as near the fixtures as practicable and in no case shall a trap be more than two feet from the fixtures

RULE 25. All soil-pipes must be provided with strong metallic strainers.

RULE 26. In no case shall the waste from a bath-tub or other fixtures be connected with a water-closet trap.

RULE 27. Traps must be protected from syphonage, and the waste-pipe leading from them ventilated by a special air-pipe; in no case less than two inches in diameter for water-closet traps and one and a half inch for other traps, and ventilation pipes less than four inches in diameter must not be carried up outside the building. In buildings more than four stories in height, the vertical vent-pipes for water-closets must be at least three inches in diameter with a two inch branch for each trap, and for traps of other fixtures not less than two inches in diameter, with branches one and a half inches in diameter, unless the trap is smaller, in which case the diameter of branch vent-pipe must be at least equal to the diameter of the trap. In all cases vertical vent-pipes must be of cast or wrought iron gas pipe.

RULE 28. These pipes must either extend two feet above the highest part of the roof or coping, the extension to be not less than four inches in diameter, to avoid obstruction from frost, or they may be branched into a soil-pipe not less than six feet above the highest fixture. They may be combined by branching together those which serve several traps. These air-pipes must always have a continuous slope to avoid collecting water by condensation.

RULE 29. No trap vent-pipe shall be used as a waste or soilpipe.

RULE 30. Overflow pipes from fixtures must in each case be connected on the inlet side of the trap.

RULE 31. Every safe under a wash-basin, bath, urinal, watercloset, or other fixtures, must be drained by a special pipe not directly connected with any soil-pipe, water-pipe, drain or sewer, but discharging into an open sink upon the cellar floor or outside the house.

RULE 32. The waste-pipe from a refrigerator shall not be directly connected with the soil or waste-pipe, or with the drain or sewer, or discharge into the soil; it should discharge into an open sink. Such waste-pipes should be so arranged as to admit of frequent flushing, and should be as short as possible and disconnected from the refrigerator.

RULE 33. The sediment pipe from kitchen boilers must be connected on the inlet side of the sink trap, if connected to waste-pipe. RULE 34. Rain water leaders must never be used as soil, waste or vent-pipes, nor any soil, waste or vent-pipe used as a rain water leader; all rain water conductors which are carried up within the wall of a building must be of iron, as required for soil-pipes.

RULE 35. In every case where a leader opens near a window or light shaft it must be properly trapped at its base.

RULE 36. No steam exhaust or blowoff-pipe from a steam boiler will be allowed to connect with any soil or waste-pipe, or directly with any house drain. They should discharge into a tank or condenser, the waste from which, if to be discharged into a sewer through the house drain, must be connected on the sewer side of the running trap.

RULE 37. No privy vault, school sink or sewer-pipe closet will be permitted in any cellar or basement, and all sewer-pipe closets must be located at least ten feet from any building occupied as a dwelling house, nor shall the general privy accommodations of a tenement or lodging house be allowed in the cellar or basement, unless properly constructed water-closets are used.

RULE 38. No privy vault or cess-pool for sewerage will be permitted in any part of the city where water-closets or a school sink can be connected with a public sewer in the street.

SECT. 3. Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be subject to a fine of not less than ten dollars or more than five hundred dollars, or imprisonment not exceeding thirty days or both, in the discretion of the court imposing the same.

PRACTICAL

SANITARY ECONOMIC COOKING

ADAPTED TO

Persons of Moderate and Small Means,

BY

MRS. MARY HINMAN ABEL.

THE LOMB PRIZE ESSAY.

Inscription: The Five Food Principles, Illustrated by 1ractical Recipes."

COPYRIGHT, 1889,

BY IRVING A. WATSON,

SECRETARY AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION.

(Published by Permission.)

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