action against him after he arrives at full age. He is also liable to the master in an action on the indenture for the breach of any covenant on the part of the apprentice contained therein, committed before the master was discharged from the indenture. [Amended March 21, 1905.]

Enticing away apprentices.

§ 275. It is unlawful for any person [1] to entice, counsel, or persuade to run away any apprentice, or [2] to harbor or conceal him, knowing him to be a runaway. Any party so offending is guilty of a misdemeanor, and may be fined not more than one hundred dollars, to be recovered by the master in any court having jurisdiction. [Amended March 21, 1905.] Release of master moving out of state.

§ 276. Whenever any master wishes [1] to remove out of the state, or [2] to quit his trade or business, he must appear with his apprentice before the superior court of the county in which the latter resides, and if the court is satisfied that the master has done justice to the apprentice for the time he has had charge of him, the court has power to discharge the master from the indenture and to again bind the apprentice, if necessary. [Amended March 21, 1905.]

Stock of corporations, how represented.

§ 313. The shares of stock of an estate of a minor, or insane person, may be represented by his guardian, and of a deceased person by his executor or administrator, and, except when otherwise agreed, all shares of stock standing on the books of a corporation in the name of any person as pledgee or trustee, may be represented or voted by such pledgee or trustee only when such pledger or beneficial owner fails to represent and vote the same. [Amended March 9, 1911.]

Married woman may transfer stock.

§ 325. Shares of stock in corporations standing on the books of the corporation in the name of a married woman may be transferred by her, her agent or attorney, without the signature of her husband, and in the same manner as if such married woman were a feme sole. All dividends payable upon any of such shares of stock may be paid to her, her agent or attorney, in the same manner as if she were unmarried; and any proxy or power given by her, touching any of such shares, is valid and binding, and neither it nor any receipt for dividends need be signed by her husband. [Amended March 20, 1905.]

Minor children, wards, and married women may own stock.

§ 561. Such shares of stock in homestead corporations as may be acquired by children, the cost of which, and the deposits and assessments on which are paid from the personal earnings of the children, or with gifts from persons other than their male parents, may be taken and held for

them by their parents or guardians. Married women may hold such shares as they acquire with their personal earnings, or those of their children, voluntarily bestowed therefor, or from property bequeathed or given to them by persons other than their husbands.

Married women and minors may own stock.

§ 575. Married women and minors may, in their own right, make and draw deposits and draw dividends, and give valid receipts therefor [in savings and loan corporations].

SOCIETIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO CHILDREN AND ANIMALS.

Formation of humane corporations.

$ 607. Corporations may be formed by any number of persons not less than five, a majority of whom must be citizens and residents of this state, under the general provisions of this code, for the purpose of the prevention of cruelty to children or animals, or both. [Enacted March 21, 1905.] Power to receive and dispose of property.

§ 607a. Every such corporation may take and hold, by gift, purchase, devise, or bequest, any property, real or personal, and dispose of the same at its pleasure; but it must not hold real property the annual income of which exceeds fifty thousand dollars. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Complaints for violating law.

§ 607b. Any such corporation, or any member or officer thereof, may prefer a complaint against any person or persons, before any court or magistrate having jurisdiction, for the violation of any law relating to or affecting children or animals, and may aid in the prosecution of any such offender before such court or magistrate in any proceeding taken. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Magistrates and police officers to aid the corporation.

§ 607c. All magistrates, constables, sheriffs, and officers of police must, as occasion may require, aid any such corporation, its officers, members, and agents, in the enforcement of all laws which are now or may be hereafter enacted relating to or affecting children or animals. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Preëxisting corporations.

§ 607d. The provisions of this title extend to all corporations heretofore formed and existing for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals, but do not extend or apply to any association, society, or corporation which uses or specifies a name or style the same, or substantially the same, as that of any previously existing society or corporation in this state organized for a like purpose. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Fines, penalties, and forfeitures, and their disposition.

§ 607e. All fines, penalties and forfeitures imposed and collected in any city or county, or city and county, of this state under the provisions of any law of this state, now or hereafter enacted, relating to or affecting children or animals, in every case where the prosecution was instituted, aided, or conducted by any corporation or society now or hereafter existing, incorporated or organized for the prevention of cruelty to animals or children must, except where otherwise provided, inure to such corporation or society in aid of the purposes for which it was incorporated or organized. In addition to said fines, penalties and forfeiture, every such society incorporated and organized for the prevention of cruelty to animals, or for the prevention of cruelty to children, may, in each city, or city and county or county where such society exists, while actively engaged in enforcing the provisions of the laws of this state, now or hereafter enacted, for the prevention of cruelty to animals or children, or arresting or prosecuting offenders thereunder, or preventing cruelty to animals or children be paid, as compensation therefor, from the city or county or city and county general fund by the board of supervisors or other governing bodies, a sum not exceeding one hundred and fifty dollars per month in the same manner as other claims against said city or county, or city and county are paid. [Amended March 24, 1911.]

Agents may be authorized to act as police officers.

§ 607f. All members and agents, and all officers of each or any of such corporations or societies, as may by the trustees thereof be duly authorized in writing, approved by a judge of the superior court of the county in which such corporation or society was organized, and sworn in the same manner as are constables or peace officers, have power lawfully to interfere to prevent the perpetration of any act of cruelty upon any child or dumb animal, and may use such force as is necessary to prevent the same, and to that end may summon to their aid any bystander. They may make arrests for the violation of any penal law relating to or affecting children or animals in the same manner as a constable or other peace officer; and may carry the same or similar weapons that such officers are authorized to carry; provided, however, that in cities of the first class no such member, officer or agent of such societies shall carry such weapon until permission in writing has been first granted to him so to do by the board of police commissioners of said city or cities. All such members and agents must, when making such arrests, exhibit and expose a suitable badge to be adopted by such corporation or society. All persons resisting such specially appointed officers, when performing any duty under this section are guilty of a misdemeanor. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Children who may be arrested and brought before a court or magistrate for examination.

$607g. Any child under the age of sixteen years that comes within any of the following descriptions named:

1. Who is found begging or receiving or gathering alms (whether

actually begging, or under the pretext of selling or offering for sale anything), or being in any street, road, or public place for the purpose of so begging, gathering, or receiving alms;

2. Who is found wandering and not having any home or settled place of abode, or proper guardianship, or visible means of subsistence;

3. Who is found destitute, either being an orphan, or having a vicious parent who is undergoing penal servitude or imprisonment;

4. Who frequents the company of reputed thieves or prostitutes, or houses of prostitution or assignation, or dancehouses, concerts, saloons, theaters, or variety halls, or other places of amusement where spirituous, malt, or vinous liquors are sold, without parent or guardian;

5. Who is engaged or used for or in any business, exhibition, vocation, or purpose, in violation of any law of this state;

Must be arrested and brought before a court or magistrate, and when, upon examination before such court or magistrate, it appears that any such child has been engaged in any of the aforesaid acts, or comes within any of the aforesaid descriptions; or when, upon the examination or conviction of any person having the custody of a child, of a criminal assault upon it, the court or magistrate before whom such examination or conviction is had deems it desirable for the welfare of such child that the person so examined or convicted should be deprived of its custody thereafter; such court or magistrate, when it deems it expedient for the welfare of such child, may commit such child to an orphan asylum, corporation, or society for the prevention of cruelty to children, charitable or other institution, or make such other disposition thereof as now is or hereafter may be provided by law in cases of vagrant, truant, disorderly, pauper, or destitute children. Any corporation, organized under this title, or now existing, for the prevention of cruelty to children, or any officer or member thereof, may institute proceedings under this section for the welfare of such child. [Enacted March 21, 1905.]

Membership.

8643. Any person of full age and sound mind may become a member of an [building and loan] association by taking one or more shares therein and subscribing to the by-laws, and annexing to his signature his post office address. A minor may hold shares in the name of a parent, guardian, or next friend, as trustee. The shares of stock in any such corporation held by any person, to the extent of one thousand dollars, shall be exempt from execution. [Amended March 23, 1907.]

Community property.

§ 687. Community property is property acquired by husband and wife, or either, during marriage, when not acquired as the separate property of either.

Posthumous children.

§ 698. When a future interest is limited to successors, heirs, issue, or children, posthumous children are entitled to take in the same manner as if living at the death of their parents.

Conditions restraining marriage.

§ 710. Conditions [of ownership] imposing restraints upon marriage, except upon the marriage of a minor, are void; but this does not affect limitations where the intent was not to forbid marriage, but only to give the use until marriage. [Amended March 30, 1874.]

Lease of lots.

§ 718. No lease or grant of any town or city lot for a longer period than ninety-nine years, in which shall be reserved any rent or service of any kind, shall be valid; provided, that the property of any municipality, or any minor or incompetent person, shall not be leased for a longer period than ten years. [Amended May 1, 1911.]

Future interests, when defeated.

$ 739. A future interest, depending on the contingency of the death of any person without successors, heirs, issue, or children, is defeated by the birth of a posthumous child of such person, capable of taking by succession.

Grant by married woman, how acknowledged.

§ 1093. A grant or conveyance of real property made by a married woman may be made, executed, and acknowledged in the same manner and has the same effect as if she were unmarried. [Amended March 14, 1895.]

Power of attorney of married woman.

§ 1094. A married woman may make, execute, and revoke powers of attorney for the sale, conveyance, or encumbrance of her real or personal estate, which shall have the same effect as if she were unmarried, and may be acknowledged in the same manner as a grant of real property.

Conveyance by married woman.

§ 1187. A conveyance by a married woman has the same effect as if she were unmarried, and may be acknowledged in the same manner. [Amended March 19, 1891.]