viz., ice. In a climate such as we have in Canada, | Fredreich's disease, paralysis agitans and various with its almost tropical summer heats, ice is a forms of chronic nerve degeneration are now being necessary and almost universal article of food, and treated by the suspension method in the London is very largely used in the preservation by cooling. Hospitals, and apparently with very considerable of various articles of food. An idea has been pre- success. One result of the treatment.is the imvalent until very lately, that the process of freez-provement, and in some cases the disappearance ing water purified it. That idea is now known to be erroneous, very many pathogenic organisms having been demonstrated as unimpaired in their vitality and power for harm, by degrees of frost far lower than the freezing point. So that all idea of safety by the intervention of nature in this direction may be put aside as untenable, and we may look for and confidently expect to find in many cases, the deadly disease-germ lurking in even the purest-looking block of ice our dealers leave on our door-steps on a summer's morning. At a late meeting of the Provincial Board of Health the following questions were submitted to the meeting : even, of the impotence accompanying the disease. It will be remembered that Dr. Motchonkowsky, the originator of the method, believes it is of use in cases of impotence not connected with tabes. Professor Charcot suggests that the improvement may be due to a modification of the circulation in the cord, or to a stretching of the nerves as they leave it. So far as has yet been reported no improvement has been noticed in the Argyll Robertson pupil, or in the reflexes. The method is of course too new to enable any definite conclusions to be drawn, but it appears to promise well. Not only has it been thus far successful at the Salptétrière, but in the clinics of Professors Eulenberg 1. "Is the ice used in the city a source of dan- and Mendel the results have been equally as happy. ger"? The answer was 'yes." 66 2. "Should it be used in Hospitals"? "No." 3. "How far can it be said to effect the general health"? "Its use is attended with danger." Now the above being established, and no one can gainsay it either as regards Toronto or most other Canadian cities and towns, it seems an unheard of anomaly that we should spend so much money in the warding off of disease by the inspection of meat, milk, vegetables, and in procuring a pure supply of water, and yet allow ice to be supplied, of the purity of which we have practically no guarantee whatever. A want of space prevents our writing anything further in this number; but we shall, in our next issue, deal with the practical side of the question and undertake to show how the present most unsatisfactory state of affairs may be remedied. THE NEW TREATMENT OF LOCOMOTOR In our last issue we gave a selection from the Lancet on the mechanical treatment of Tabes Dorsalis, which has no doubt been noted by all our readers. The question is so full of interest both from a scientific and clinical point of view, that we make this short note of later developments in this novel method of treatment. Not only tabes but Dr. Charcot is publishing a carefully detailed account of the technique of the treatment, which will be translated into English by Dr. de Watteville in a few days. We hope to keep our readers posted as to the latest known facts regarding this important therapeutical agent. THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. Some correspondence published in the above journal goes to show that a number of the members of the British Medical Association have be come dissatisfied with the manner in which it has been conducted. They have addressed the President of the Association, in a circular, in which, while they state distinctly that the editorial duties pertaining to the Journal have been ably performed, they take issue with the management, arguing that "An opinion has for several years been widely held that the lines on which the Journal is now conducted, which are similar to those of proprietary journals, with anonymous articles and reviews and multifarious advertisements, are not suitable for the organ of our Association, for the sayings and doings of which our members individually are responsible." They recognize the fact that the Association will, by the proposed change, suffer pecuniary loss; but hold that body should now be self-sustaining, and that the individual self-respect of the members is of more importance than a condition of flourishing finances. The Journal has not always been as particular in regard to the line of advertisements admitted to its columns as might have been expected considering the position it occupies. To cover this point and some others the signers of the circular say "It is felt that the Journal should be a faithful exponent of the proceedings of the Association in all its departments, whilst presenting a record of contemporary professional work elsewhere; but that anything beyond this, whether articles, reviews, or annotations, should have the authors' signatures appended, as indicating the actual authority of the communications. The character of the advertisements, also, should be more carefully controlled than at present, and especially all announcements of secret remedies should be excluded." Some of the most prominent men in Britain have joined in this movement, which will no doubt take on large proportions, and the result become a precedent for other Journals holding similar positions. ONTARIO MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS.. VICTORIA UNIVERSITY. M. D., C. M.-E. Bull, W. H. Groves, J. A. Ivey, D. McLeod, H. Yeomans, J. B. Guthrie, W. Egbert, J. L. Turnbull, S. Rutherford, W. Almas, A. J. Harrington, Halliday, R. G. Howell, D. Henderson, Birdsall, D. Archer, A. A. Smith, H. Waliwin, McPherson, D. McKay, McDonald, J. H. Reid, G. A. Whiteman, J. A. Forfar, J. Greenlaw, F. N. G. wood, J. W. Cunningham, S. Bates, C. McLachlan, Starr, J. Noble, C. Lockyer, F. Preiss, J. M. HarW. Gimby, A. J. Reynolds, T. A. Noble, J. Tweddle, T. L. Stringer. Primary.-E. P. Gordon, F. H. Sherk, R. J. Chrystal, G. C. Clingan, S. Watt, A. W. Mayburry, F. McConaghey. TRINITY MEDICAL COLLEGE. ship, $50, Harold C. Parsons; second, 1st year's First Year.-Scholarships-First, 1st year's scholarscholarship, $30, D. Beattie; third, 1st year's scholarship, $20, J. McMaster. Certificates of Honor-Harold C. Parsons, D. Beattie, J. McMaster. First Class, 70 per cent. and upwards-C. N. Callendar, A. Quackenbush, W. L. Matthew, J. J. Thompson, D. McEachren, R. G. Wallace, A. S. Tilley. Second Class, 60 per cent. and upwards-H. J. The following is the list of papers received by Watson, H. L. Barber, W. Glaister, W. H. Miller, the Secretary, Dr. Wishart, up to date : : Dr. Parke, Buffalo, "Radical Cure of Hernia"; Dr. A. Smith, New York, "Empyæma"; Dr. Skene, Brooklyn, "Intraligamentous Ovarian Cystoma"; Dr. Graham, Toronto, "The Treatment of Eczema"; Dr. Grant, Ottawa, "Transient Albuminuria"; Dr. Mitchell, Enniskillen, "Early Operation in Cases of Abdominal Disease"; Dr. Sweetnam, Toronto, "The Probable Future of Electricity in Gynecology"; Dr. Ryerson, Toronto, "Some forms of Headache"; Dr. Macdonald, Wingham, "Nerve-stretching in a case of obstinate Sciatica"; Dr. Tye, Chatham, Prognosis in Albuminuria "; Dr. McPhedran, Toronto, "Abortive Forms of Typhoid"; Dr. Gibson, Belleville, "Interesting cases in Practice"; Dr. Newman, New York, "Electrolysis in Surgery and Gynecology"; Dr. Dickson, Kingston, "A plea for Electricity in Medicine"; Dr. Smith, Orangeville, "The pathological relation of Spleen and Bone-medulla. Papers are also to be read by Drs. Adam Wright and Teskey, of Toronto; Drs. Powell, of Ottawa; Dr. Howitt, Guelph; Dr. Ross and Buller, of Montreal, but the subjects have not yet been furnished to the Secretary. H. B. Anderson, G. W. Davidson, E. B. Blain, R. M. Curts, W. Northrup, E. O. Bingham, H. Morrell, N. W. Cousens, W. È Brown, J. A. Mitchell, A. P. Chalmers, W. Potter, R. A. Buck, R D. McLaughlan, J. P. Trainor, E. F. McCullough, W. E. Ogden, W. M. Robertson. Pass Men-A. L. Murphy, R. M. Mitchell, F. C. Merritt, W. J. Awty, H. J. Orchard, H. Robins, S. J. L. Alexander, T. M. Allan, H. R. Bidgood, J. W. Brien, R. E. Cooper, A. M. Cleghorn, A. Hath, R. G. Feek, E. W. Goode, L. E. W. Irving. E. N. Wagar, T. M. Williamson, A. S. Wade. Primary Examination Scholarships-First, 2nd year's scholarship, 850, Jas. Sutherland; second, 2nd year's scholarship, $30, Jas. Third. Certificates of Honour, 75 per cent. and upwardsJ. Sutherland, J. Third, R. Knechtel, D. Johnston, W. W. Herriman, C. A. D. Fairfield, C. McKay, H. W. Porter, C. C. Fairchild. First Class, 70 per cent. and upwards-J. J. Danby, T. S. Glenn, J. B. Martyn, J. J. Moore, P. Robertson, J. W. Shaw. Second Class, 60 per cent. and upwards-J. A. Ashbaugh, A. W. Bell, H. J. Crease, J. Crooks, G. D. Farmer, T. Farncombe, A. E. Henry, J. Lockridge, W. Montgomery, A. J. Murray, W. Nixon, H. A. L. Reid, W. A. Sherrin, A. A. Sutherland, J. R. Walls, R. H. White. Primary Pass Men-R. Archer, L. E. Bolster, F. Fenton, H. H. Gray, A. H. Hough, A. C. Hunter, A. W. Quay, C. A. Temple, W. W. Thompson, A. J. Thomas. Final Examinations.-The final examinations for the Fellowship Diploma of the College resulted as follows: Good Medallist-H. W. Armstrong. The Dr. Fulton Memorial prize for the highest standing in surgery, amongst the candidates who have spent four winter sessions at this college-H. W. Wilson. Certificates of Honor, 75 per cent. and upwards— H. W. Armstrong, J. I. Wiley, H. A. Turner, J. M. Macfarlane, H. W. Wilson, L. W. Allingham, G. K. Crossthwaite. First Class, 70 per cent. and upwards—G. Hargraves. H. Chapple, F. W. Penhall. Second Class, 60 per cent. and upwards-T. J. Macnally, A. J. Macnaulay, W. J. Milne, P. Brown, O. L. Berdan, W. W. Birdsall, W. Kerr, F. G. Salter, J. Brown, T. McEdwards, G. S. Rennie, A. M. Spence, Thos. J. Mober, T. H. Johnston, W. A. Dixon, N. W. Nasmyth, T. C. Patterson, D. A. Rose. Pass Men-N. E. Bateson, M. C. Dewar, A. E. Edgar, F. A. R.Gow, J. B. Guthrie, W. F. H. Newbery, A. G. Patterson, J. T. Rogers, W. W. Thompson, H. J. Mullen, B.A., A. E. Mills. TRINITY UNIVERSITY M.D., C.M.-Final Examination.-Gold medallist and certificate of honour, H. W. Armstrong. Silver medallist and certificates of honour, H. Chapple and J. M. McFarlane (æq.). Certificates of Honour have been won by L. W. Allingham, W. Kerr, Miss J. S. Carson, J. S. Wiley, T. S. McNally, P. Brown, G. S. Rennie and Miss S. M. Taylor (q.). The following were also placed in Class I.-H. W. Wilson, G. K. Crosthwaite, H. A. Turner, W. A. Dixon and G. Hargreaves (aq), H. A. Stewart, J. R. McCabe and F. G. Salter (aq), H. J. Cummings and P. W. H. McKeown (eq.), W. J. Milne, J. T. McKillop, H. D. Quarry, W. D. Springer. Class II.-R. W. Rooney, W. W. Nasmyth, A. M. Spence, M. C. Dewar, J. B. Guthrie and H. J. Mullen and F. W. Penhall (eq.), W. W. Birdsall, A. E. Wills, R. A. McArthur, W. C. David, D. A. Rose, W. W. Thompson, W. A. Macpherson, A. G. Patterson, O. L. Berdan and R. McGee (req.), T. J. Moher, T. C. Patterson, J. W. Cunningham, S. Bates and W. E. Bateson (eq.), T. McEdwards, J. M. Henwood, P. Drummond, T. H. Johnston, J. T. Rogers, A. E. Edgar and F. A. R. Gow (æq.), J. Holdcroft and A. McMeans (q.). Class III.-H. Mason, M. C. Black, J. A. Gent, E. Sands, N. Walker, W. F. H. Newbery, F. Cloutier, J. F. McCormack, B. Z. Milner. Primary-Jas. Sutherland, 1st silver medal and certificate of honour; Jas. Third, 2nd silver medal and certificate of honour. The following were awarded certificates of honour: R. Knechtel, D. Johnson, W. D. D. Herriman, C. A. D. Fairfield, Chas. Mackay, W. G. Sprague, H. W. Porter, J. T. Fatheringham, M. McClelland, C. C. Fairchild. The J. J. following were also placed in the first class: Moore, J. J. Danby, T. S. Glenn, J. W. Shaw, J. B Martyn, P. Robertson. Class II.-G. J. Teedy, W. Montgomery, J. Lockridge, T. S. Farncomb, Miss M. A. Gifford, H. A. L. Reid and W. A. Sherrin (aq) G. D. Farmer, A. A. Sutherland, J. A. Ashbaugh, J. G. McGee and J. R. Walls (q.), A. E. Henry, F. R. McBrine and A. J. Murray (q.), Jas. McQueen, A. W. Nixon, A. W. Bell and R. A. White (q.), J. Crooks, Miss L. Graham, H. G. Grease. Class III.-H. H. Gray and T. C. Irwin (æq.), A. C. Hunter, C. L. Finch, C. F. P. Abraham and McLean Caverly (æq.), A. E. Douglas, Miss L. K. Meade, L. E. Bolster, F. Featon, R. Archer and C. A. Temple (aq), F. A. W. Quay, W. S. Ferguson, S. B. Elliot, A. H. Hough, A. F. Dixon, W. W. Saulter, A. J. Thomas, W. W. Thompson. TORONTO UNIVERSITY. Medals and Scholarships.-The Starr Gold Medal, J. H. Collins. The Starr Silver Medal, G. Chambers. The general proficiency medals were carried off by the following students : The gold medal, G. Chambers. The first silver medal, J. H. Collins. The second silver medal, F. E. Godfrey. The following gentlemen were awarded scholarships :-Third year-1, L. F. Barker; 2, W. H. Philp. Second year-1, W. N. Barnhart; 2, G. P. Macartney. First year-1, T. H. Middlebro; 2, H. A. Bruce. M.D. Franklin Burt, W. Burt, J. McCallum, H. G. Lackner, G. G. Rowe. (Ad eundem gradum)— W. T. Aikins (Victoria), G. H. Burnham (Trinity), D. Clark (Victoria), E. E. King (Victoria), J. S. King (Victoria), B. E. McKenzie (McGill), R. A. Reeve (Queen's), F. Winnett (Trinity), H. C. Scadding (Trinity), B. L. Riordan (Trinity). M.B.-W. E. Almas, W. J. Armstrong, G. M. Bowman, J. E. Bowman, J. T. Campbell, G. Chambers, C. P. Clark, J. H. Collins, W. Egbert, J. B. Gamble, M. E. Gillrie, F. E. Godfrey, J. A. Greenlaw, J. S. Hart, J. A. Ivey, A. B. Macallum, H. A. McColl, D. McKay, C. McLachlan, C. J. McNamara, E. Meek, R. H. Palmer, W. R. G. Phair, S. T. Rutherford, W. A. Sangster, G. Silverthorn, F. N. G. Starr, J. R. Stone, T. L. Stringer, J. L. Turnbull, H. Wallwin, J. Webster, T. S. Webster, A. J. Willson, W. McC. Wright, H. A. Yeomans. Ad eundem gradum, A. Primrose, Edin. Mr. C. E. K. Vidal passed creditably in all the final subjects, but did not receive his degree yesterday because he is not twenty-one years of age. He will receive the degree of M. B. at the spring convocation in 1890. TREATMENT OF FISSURE OF THE ANUS.-Dr. Gregney (Gaillard's Med. Jour.) believes he has discovered a simple, painless, but effectual method of curing all fissures of the anus without resorting to operation. His method consists in securing a thorough evacuation of the bowels every morning, and then introducing between the lips of the fissure a few shreds of lint saturated with a solution of chloral, 1 in 50. This lint is left in situ until the evacuation of the rectum next morning carries it away, when the same dressing is repeated. These applications are repeated daily until the fissure disappears, which is usually about the tenth day of treatment. REMOVAL OF A CEREBRAL TUMOR.-Prof. Pean has lately performed (Gaz. des Hóp.) the first operation of this kind ever done in France. The patient had suffered from Jacksonian epilepsy, and M. M. Ballet and Gelmeau located the tumor causing it in the upper motor region of the cortex. It is said that the patient has been completely cured. STILL ANOTHER NEW HYPNOTIC.-A medical student of Bologna, S. Poppi, has lately described (Br. Med. Jour.) the effects of a new hypnotic for which he proposes the name uralium. It is produced by combining chloral hydrate and urethran. It appears from his report of the drug that it produces sleep more quickly in man and the lower animals than any other known hypnotic, without bad effects of any kind. He states that the happiest results have followed its use in various cases of heart disease, insanity, hysteria and other nervous complaints, even after other hypnotics had failed. REMOVAL OF CALLOSITIES FROM THE SOLE. Dr. Jamieson, (Ed. Med. Jour.) says:-A ring of glycerine jelly is painted about the lesion, and when dry a circular piece of salicylic acid plaster (salicylic acid 40, creasote 40) is cut to fit within the ring. The jelly is now painted over both the plaster and ring several times, and when almost dry a layer of cotton wool is placed over all. The whole dressing can be kept in place with one turn of a bandage, and should be cleansed once a week or oftener if necessary. death will he mourned by many, not only in Scotland but also in Canada. MEDICAL EDUCATION FOR WOMEN. The movement in the direction of providing adequate means for the medical education of women, appears to have taken a hold upon the community. Montreal is now agitating for such an extension in connection with McGill University. It is stated that about $1,200 has been promised by a number of ladies, to form the nucleus of an endowment for such a medical college. AT the Inter-Colonial Medical Congress of Australia, held in January, 1889, Dr. McLaurin, president of the Board of Health of Sydney, in an address on hygiene, said: Consumption has got a footing amongst us, and is now one of our most important causes of death (as high as 2.39 per 1,000 of population per annum). There is a good deal of trafficking in tuberculous cattle in New South Wales, for slaughtering and dairy purposes. A law is urgently required making it penal to traffic in diseased animals. Among the Jewish population in New South Wales, numbering 4,000, in three years there was but one death from phthisis. This is largely due to the avoidance of tuberculous meat, by the Jews. METHOD OF REMOVING A TIGHT RING.—Mr. Moore, writing to The Lancet, gives the following on his "string method." Use the finest silk or thread consistent with strength, (ordinary housewife thread is strong enough). Pass the end between the finger and the ring, keeping the spool or unlimited end at the side next the finger tip. Then wind downwards towards the tip of the finger for about a quarter of an inch; then wind off from above by the short end about half this amount. Proceed alternately winding on and off, always leaving about one-eighth of an inch in breadth wound beneath the ring. When the knuckle is passed the ring comes of easily. Oil or soap the thread well, and push up the ring before commencing to wind. This method will, I believe, remove any ring. THE LATE DR. MURRAY GIBSON, OF PORTOBELLO, SCOTLAND.- We regret to notice the death of Dr. Gibson, of Portobello. He had practised only five years in that place, but was held in such high esteem that most of the shops closed and the funeral procession was joined by a large body of the public and friends of the deceased, as well as by many lodges to which Dr. Gibson had acted as medical officer. The Canadian students in Edin- A REMARKABLE CASE.-Dr. McLean relates the burgh sent floral offerings. Though a Canadian case (Am. Jour. Obs.) of a child crying in the and stranger in Portobello, until five years ago, uterus. Air had been admitted to the uterus by the he had made a large number of close friends. His | admission of the hand to correct a mal-position of the head, the water having previously escaped. Dr. MacLean applied the forceps, the child crying loudly during the operation, "the voice sounding as if coming from the cellar." This continued for four or five minutes, till at length the child was safely delivered. Dr. MacLean states positively that the child's head was in the uterus, not in the vagina, while the crying proceeded. Mother and child did well. ACETANILID IN TYPHOID FEVER.-In the Prager Med. Woch., Haas reports the results of the administration of acetanilid in 104 cases of typhoid fever. He concludes that it does not exert any specific or abortive action on the disease, but that it is an excellent remedy for the treatment of certain symptoms. Its action on the high teinperature, and on the nervous symptoms accompanying it, is very satisfactory and certain. More than one gramme a day is seldom needed, which must be reduced as the temperature falls to normal in the evening. It does not disturb digestion, has a favorable influence on the general nutrition, and increases the appetite. The patients assimilate food better, may be fed more freely, lose less weight and become more able to resist the injurious action of the fever. This method of treatment is fully equal to that by cold baths, while it is far less burdensome both to the patient and the attendants. It is contra-indicated only by intestinal hemorrhage, perforation, and severe pulmonary complications, which demand special treatment. In cardiac weakness and collapse, it should be combined with stimulants. TREATMENT OF PUERPERAL ECLAMPSIA.-Veil (Snmm. Klin. Vort.) relies on full doses of morphia, given hypodermically in eclampsia. He gives an initial dose of of a grain, and follows it when required by half as much more. He finds that from 1 to 3 grains are necessary in the first four to seven hours, in order to get the narcotic effect of the drug. He does not believe in the benefit of pilocarpine, thinking it favors edema of the lungs. He relies upon hot baths, followed by packs for relieving the kidneys. COCOANUT FOR TENIA-Professor Paresi of Athens, (Lancet) discovered while in Abyssinia, that ordinary cocoanut posseses vermifuge qualities in a high degree. He took a quantity of the juice and pulp, one day, which caused some gastric disturbance for a time. Subsequently diarrhoea set in, and to his surprise he found in the motion a complete tænia quite dead. After his return to Athens, he made a number of clinical observations, which were very satisfactory, the tænia being always passed and quite dead. He gives the milk and the pulp of one cocoanut early in the morning when the stomach is empty, and as it produces diarrhoea, no purgative is required. EVIL RESULTS FROM SULFONAL.-This drug has become so popular, and has been so free from any evil effects that the following from the Berlin correspondent of the Med. and Surg. Rep. will be of interest :- "The new drug is, however, by no means so harmless as has been hitherto asserted by its manufacturers. Dr. Bornemann has just reported a case of severe poisoning resulting from the administration of the drug. The patient, to whom sulfonal was given for insomnia caused by cerebral excitement, was a physician. The result was a pronounced intoxication showing very complicated symptoms. There was a distinct interfer ence of co-ordination, first in the lower and later He could not, for inin the upper extremities. stance, raise a cup of coffee. A very prominent feature of the poisoning was his perverted feelings and illusions. The patient believed he had two heads, four feet and arms, etc.; or he believed he was on a boat or in a railway-car, and that some one was about to kill him. These illusions may be termed reflectory. The ataxia referred to is a central one, as it remained unchanged no matter whether the eyes were opened or closed. This distinction between central and sensory ataxia has been made by Professor Mendel. The drug did not exert any unfavorable influence over the heart and circulation-which appears opposed to the warning of Dr. Schmey not to use sulfonal in angina pectoris and arterio-sclerosis. YET WE MOVE. What may be called the "dry treatment" of gonorrhoea has been introduced. The process consists in the application to the urethra of whatever powder the practitioner chooses. A somewhat elaborate instrument, of which we do not know the name, has been devised to carry the powder to the desired situation. The method, though not yet old enough to supply reliable statistics, promises well. |