A History of AeronauticsHarcourt, Brace, 1921 - 521 pages |
Contents
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Other editions - View all
History of Aeronautics: A Selected List of References to Material in The New ... No preview available - 1938 |
Common terms and phrases
achieved Ader aerial aero engine aerodrome Aeronautical aeroplane airship angle of incidence apparatus ascent attempt aviation balloon biplane bird bird flight Bleriot brake horse-power British built carried centre Chanute Cody connected construction crankshaft cylinders diameter dirigible driven early envelope exhaust valves experimental experiments Farman fitted flew flight flying machine forward four-stroke cycle French front German give gliding Gnome ground Henry Farman horizontal increased inlet internal combustion engine kite landing Langley lateral margins lift Lilienthal London means mechanical miles an hour miles per hour military monoplane motor normal plane obtained passenger Paulhan petrol Pilcher pilot piston possible power-driven practically pressure propeller radial rear record resistance revolutions per minute rope rotary Santos-Dumont shaft side speed square feet steam steel success sufficient surface tail trial two-stroke two-stroke cycle vessel Voisin wheels Wilbur Wright wind wings Wright Brothers Zeppelin
Popular passages
Page 170 - This flight lasted only 12 seconds but it was nevertheless the first in the history of the world in which a machine carrying a man had raised itself by its own power into the air in full flight, had sailed forward without reduction of speed and had finally landed at a point as high as that from which it started.
Page 168 - Having set out with absolute faith in the existing scientific data, we were driven to doubt one thing after another, till finally, after two years of experiment, we cast it all aside, and decided to rely entirely upon our own investigations.
Page 170 - What at first seemed a simple problem, became more complex the longer we studied it. With the machine moving forward, the air flying backward, the propellers turning sidewise, and nothing standing still, it seemed impossible to find a starting point from which to trace the various simultaneous reactions. Contemplation of it was confusing. After long arguments, we often found ourselves in the ludicrous position of each having been converted to the other's side, with no more agreement -than when the...
Page 150 - ... the engineer as well. Men also know how to build engines and screws of sufficient lightness and power to drive these planes at sustaining speed. Inability to balance and steer still confronts students of the flying problem, although nearly ten years have passed (since Lilienthal's success).
Page 170 - Some, made against a wind of thirty-six miles an hour, gave proof of the effectiveness of the devices for control. With this machine, in the autumn of 1903, we made a number of flights in which we remained in the air for over a minute, often soaring for a considerable time in one spot, without any descent at all.
Page 18 - A bird is an instrument working according to mathematical law, which instrument it is within the capacity of man to reproduce with all its movements, but not with a corresponding degree of strength, though it is deficient only in the power of maintaining equilibrium. We may therefore say that such an instrument constructed by man is lacking in nothing except the life of the bird, and this life must needs be supplied from that of man.
Page 169 - ... understanding of the subject, we began systematic measurements of standard surfaces, so varied in design as to bring out the underlying causes of differences noted in their pressures. Measurements were tabulated on nearly fifty of these at all angles from zero to 45 degrees, at intervals of 2\ degrees.
Page 76 - ... feet — a height sufficient for the destruction or injury of most animals. But when the plane is urged forward horizontally, in a manner analogous to the wings of a bird during flight, the sustaining power is greatly influenced by the form and arrangement of the surface. In the case of perpendicular descent, as a parachute, the sustaining effect will be much the same, whatever the figure of the outline of the superficies may be, and a circle perhaps affords the best resistance of any. Take for...
Page 54 - Make a car of as light materials as possible, but with sufficient strength to support a man in it ; provide a pair of wings of about eight feet each in length, let them be horizontally expanded, and fastened upon the top edge on each side of the car, with two joints each, so as to admit of a vertical motion to the wings, which motion may be effected by a man sitting and working an upright lever in the middle of the car ; a tail of about seven or eight feet long, and the same breadth at its extremity,...
Page 154 - ... twisting the wings so as to present their ends to the wind at different angles is a "more prompt and efficient way of maintaining lateral equilibrium than shifting the body of the operator.