...chapter of the opening of the country was the fifth and last provision: "Intellect and learning shall be sought for throughout the world, in order to establish the foundations of the Empire". If the Treaty of Kanagawa opened the doors of Japan, the fifth article of the Charter Oath ordered...

...Indeed, the fifth of the five clauses of the April 1868 Charter Oath of the Meiji emperor proclaimed that "intellect and learning should be sought for...order to establish the foundations of the empire." The first industrial policy of the Meiji government was designed by Okuma Shigenobu. Okuma argued for...

...broken through, and the impartiality and justice displayed in the workings of nature be adopted as a basis of action ; and that intellect and learning...order to establish the foundations of the empire. A discussion then ensued as to the best means of developing the resources of Yezo. Shortly afterwards...

...abolished and impartiality and justice administered according to universally recognised principles ; and that intellect and learning should be sought for throughout the world, so that the foundations of the Empire might be firmly established. The programme thus outlined was...